Hookworm infection is considered the most prevalent human soil‐transmitted helminth infection affecting approximately 500 million people and accounting for 3.2 million disability‐adjusted life years lost annually. As with many other neglected tropical diseases, no international surveillance mechanisms that show accurate data on the prevalence of hookworm infection are in place, thus hindering strategies to control parasite transmission. In this review, we unravel the current knowledge in immunopathology and immunoregulation of hookworm infection and present discoveries in drug therapies based on the capability of hookworms to regulate inflammation to treat allergic, inflammatory and metabolic diseases. Additionally, we highlight potential vaccine development and treatments and propose avenues for further inquiry.

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钩虫诱导的免疫病理学和调节：从了解到干预

钩虫感染被认为是最普遍的人类土壤传播的蠕虫感染，感染约5亿人，每年造成320万残疾调整生命年。与许多其他被忽视的热带病一样，目前还没有国际监测机制能够显示钩虫感染流行率的准确数据，从而阻碍了控制寄生虫传播的战略。在这篇综述中，我们将揭示钩虫感染的免疫病理学和免疫调节方面的最新知识，并基于钩虫调节炎症的能力来治疗变应性，炎性和代谢性疾病，从而介绍药物治疗方面的发现。此外，我们重点介绍了潜在的疫苗开发和治疗方法，并提出了进一步调查的途径。