In recent years, additive manufacturing (AM) has gained considerable interest because of its capacity to facilitate the fabrication of products of various shapes better than conventional manufacturing (CM). Moreover, it can respond to the growing demand for customized products and can reduce the impact on the environment by minimizing production waste. To maximize these benefits and overcome entry barriers, researchers have conducted part consolidation (PC) research to improve sustainability by reducing the number of components, or hybrid supply chain studies involving local AM service providers. This study aims to present a new supply chain that combines the advantages of both AM and CM systems to create and analyze the potential of an AM machine that can be made available for rent at a lower cost. In this study, a closed-loop supply chain with an AM hub (CLSCAM) is first designed. Thereafter, to support manufacturers in making the decision to adopt AM, two models are developed: sustainability (cost, environment, and time) evaluation model from the lifecycle perspective of CLSCAM, and a PC method is developed to maximize the three sustainability indices. Since the PC problem with complex product structure is an NP-hard problem, the genetic algorithm is employed as a solution method. Furthermore, an experimental analysis is conducted to validate the proposed model through a real-world application (testbed product). The results reveal that the AM hub and PC model can effectively improve the sustainability of the entire lifecycle. In particular, the results of improved sustainability per unit product in mass production scenarios demonstrate the practical applicability of the proposed model. These results also demonstrate that the pre-manufacturing stage has the greatest impact on the cost sustainability index in the CLSCAM. It is further confirmed that the sustainability improvement effect of PC increases with increasing AM raw material consumption efficiency, volume reduction rate of PC.

近年来，由于增材制造（AM）能够比传统制造（CM）更好地促进制造各种形状的产品，因此引起了广泛的关注。此外，它可以满足对定制产品不断增长的需求，并可以通过最大程度地减少生产浪费来减少对环境的影响。为了最大程度地发挥这些优势并克服进入壁垒，研究人员进行了零件合并（PC）研究，以通过减少零件数量来提高可持续性，或进行涉及本地AM服务提供商的混合供应链研究。这项研究旨在提出一个新的供应链，该供应链结合了AM和CM系统的优势，以创建和分析可以以较低成本出租的AM机器的潜力。在这个研究中，首先设计了带有AM集线器（CLSCAM）的闭环供应链。此后，为了支持制造商做出采用AM的决定，从CLSCAM的生命周期角度开发了两个模型：可持续性（成本，环境和时间）评估模型，并开发了PC方法以最大化三个可持续性指标。由于具有复杂产品结构的PC问题是NP难题，因此采用遗传算法作为求解方法。此外，进行了实验分析，以通过实际应用（测试平台产品）验证所提出的模型。结果表明，AM集线器和PC模型可以有效地提高整个生命周期的可持续性。尤其是，在批量生产情况下提高单位产品可持续性的结果证明了该模型的实际适用性。这些结果还表明，预制造阶段对CLSCAM中的成本可持续性指数影响最大。进一步证实，随着AM原料消耗效率的提高，PC的体积减小率的提高，PC的可持续性改善效果增强。