Muscle tissue influences energy and protein metabolism throughout the body. Earlier reports demonstrated that bone morphogenetic protein 11 (BMP11) could inhibit skeleton muscle proliferation and development. However, the role of BMP11 in the fatty acid metabolism of muscle has not been explored. In this study, we investigated the physiological functions of exogenous BMP11 on lipid metabolism in C2C12 cells using recombinant BMP11 (rBMP11). Treatment by rBMP11 inhibits myogenesis while inducing lipid accumulation in C2C12 cells. Moreover, induction of rBMP11 inhibits not only fatty acid uptake by downregulation of the fatty acid transport proteins CD36, FATP1, FATP4, and FABP3 but also suppresses fatty acid oxidation by decreasing the levels of p-HSL, ATGL, ACSL, and CGI-58 via Smad 2/3 pathway. Taken together, BMP11 negatively regulates lipid metabolism in muscle cells, which is an opposite result to that in adipocytes where BMP11 improves metabolic homeostasis. Considering the contrasting roles of BMP11 in adipocytes and muscle cells, BMP11 could be a promising target for pharmacological intervention in the treatment of metabolic diseases.

肌肉组织影响全身的能量和蛋白质代谢。较早的报道表明，骨形态发生蛋白11（BMP11）可以抑制骨骼肌的增殖和发育。但是，尚未探索BMP11在肌肉脂肪酸代谢中的作用。在这项研究中，我们调查了外源BMP11使用重组BMP11（rBMP11）对C2C12细胞脂质代谢的生理功能。rBMP11的治疗抑制了肌发生，同时诱导了C2C12细胞中的脂质蓄积。此外，rBMP11的诱导不仅通过下调脂肪酸转运蛋白CD36，FATP1，FATP4和FABP3抑制脂肪酸摄取，还通过降低p-HSL，ATGL，ACSL和CGI-58的水平抑制脂肪酸氧化。通过Smad 2/3途径。在一起 BMP11负调节肌肉细胞的脂质代谢，这与脂肪细胞中BMP11改善代谢稳态的相反。考虑到BMP11在脂肪细胞和肌肉细胞中的对比作用，BMP11可能成为药物治疗代谢性疾病的有希望的靶标。