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Blockchain and cryptocurrencies: A classification and comparison of architecture drivers
Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience ( IF 2 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-02 , DOI: 10.1002/cpe.5992
Martin Garriga 1, 2, 3 , Stefano Dalla Palma 1, 2 , Maxmiliano Arias 4 , Alan Renzis 4 , Remo Pareschi 5 , Damian Andrew Tamburri 2, 6
Affiliation  

Blockchain is a decentralized transaction and data management solution, the technological leap behind the success of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. As the variety of existing blockchains and distributed ledgers continues to increase, adopters should focus on selecting the solution that best fits their needs and the requirements of their decentralized applications, rather than developing yet another blockchain from scratch. In this paper we present a conceptual framework to aid software architects, developers, and decision makers to adopt the right blockchain technology. The framework exposes the interrelation between technological decisions and architectural features, capturing the knowledge from existing academic literature, industrial products, technical forums/blogs, and experts' feedback. We empirically show the applicability of our framework by dissecting the platforms behind Bitcoin and other top 10 cryptocurrencies, aided by a focus group with researchers and industry practitioners. Then, we leverage the framework together with key notions of the Architectural Tradeoff Analysis Method (ATAM) to analyze four real-world blockchain case studies from industry and academia. Results shown that applying our framework leads to a deeper understanding of the architectural tradeoffs, allowing to assess technologies more objectively and select the one that best fit developers needs, ultimately cutting costs, reducing time-to-market and accelerating return on investment.

中文翻译:

区块链和加密货币:架构驱动的分类和比较

区块链是一种去中心化的交易和数据管理解决方案,是比特币和其他加密货币成功背后的技术飞跃。随着现有区块链和分布式账本的种类不断增加,采用者应该专注于选择最适合他们的需求和分散应用程序要求的解决方案,而不是从头开始开发另一个区块链。在本文中,我们提出了一个概念框架,以帮助软件架构师、开发人员和决策者采用正确的区块链技术。该框架揭示了技术决策和架构特征之间的相互关系,从现有的学术文献、工业产品、技术论坛/博客和专家的反馈中获取知识。在由研究人员和行业从业者组成的焦点小组的帮助下,我们通过剖析比特币和其他前 10 大加密货币背后的平台,凭经验证明了我们的框架的适用性。然后,我们利用该框架以及架构权衡分析方法 (ATAM) 的关键概念来分析来自工业界和学术界的四个现实世界区块链案例研究。结果表明,应用我们的框架可以更深入地了解架构权衡,从而可以更客观地评估技术并选择最适合开发人员需求的技术,最终削减成本、缩短上市时间并加快投资回报。我们利用该框架以及架构权衡分析方法 (ATAM) 的关键概念来分析来自工业界和学术界的四个现实世界区块链案例研究。结果表明,应用我们的框架可以更深入地了解架构权衡,从而可以更客观地评估技术并选择最适合开发人员需求的技术,最终削减成本、缩短上市时间并加快投资回报。我们利用该框架以及架构权衡分析方法 (ATAM) 的关键概念来分析来自工业界和学术界的四个现实世界区块链案例研究。结果表明,应用我们的框架可以更深入地了解架构权衡,从而可以更客观地评估技术并选择最适合开发人员需求的技术,最终削减成本、缩短上市时间并加快投资回报。
更新日期:2020-10-02
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