Abstract Heavy metals (HMs) are undoubtedly an unavoidable nuisance in today's era, and their appropriate handling and disposal carry the utmost significance. Construction wood (CW), specifically hazardous and non-hazardous wood is contaminated due to a mixture of different materials like paints, coatings, and copper layers, etc. that need proper attention for safe disposal. Wood waste from building and urban waste streams is abundantly available, which essentials to manage appropriately for energy recovery. In that respect, this study focused on the disposal option of contaminated wood waste via hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) by turning waste into biocrude. CW is categorized into four types named Untreated wood (UNW), Non-hazardous wood (NHZW), Hazardous wood (HZW), and Mixed wood (MXW). Maximum biocrude yield was obtained by the liquefaction of UNW followed by NHZW, HZW, and MXW in the range between 24.86 and 36.35 wt%. Additionally, the fate of selected heavy metals (chromium, copper, nickel, zinc) was investigated in HTL products. It was concluded that, by the liquefaction of CW, the majority of HMs shifted to the solid residue. The negligible amount of HMs merged into the biocrude and aqueous phase. This study suggests HTL as a promising and sustainable route for the disposal of contaminated wood waste by turning into higher added value (or high quality) products especially biocrude with less HMs concentration as a fruitful product at large scale.

中文翻译：

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受污染建筑木材废料的催化水热液化生物原油生产及重金属去向研究

摘要 重金属（HMs）在当今时代无疑是一种不可避免的麻烦，对其进行适当的处​​理和处置具有极其重要的意义。建筑木材 (CW)，特别是危险和非危险木材，由于油漆、涂料和铜层等不同材料的混合物而受到污染，需要适当注意以进行安全处置。来自建筑和城市废物流的木材废物大量可用，这是适当管理能源回收的必要条件。在这方面，本研究侧重于通过将废物转化为生物原油，通过水热液化 (HTL) 处理受污染木材废物的选择。CW 分为四种类型：未处理木材 (UNW)、非危险木材 (NHZW)、危险木材 (HZW) 和混合木材 (MXW)。最大的生物原油产量是通过 UNW 液化，然后是 NHZW、HZW 和 MXW 获得的，产量在 24.86 和 36.35 wt% 之间。此外，还研究了 HTL 产品中选定重金属（铬、铜、镍、锌）的归宿。得出的结论是，通过 CW 的液化，大多数 HMs 转移到固体残留物中。可忽略不计的 HMs 合并到生物原油和水相中。这项研究表明，HTL 是一种有前途和可持续的途径，可通过转化为更高附加值（或高质量）的产品，尤其是具有较低 HMs 浓度的生物原油，作为大规模富有成效的产品来处理受污染的木材废物。锌）在 HTL 产品中进行了研究。得出的结论是，通过 CW 的液化，大多数 HMs 转移到固体残留物中。可忽略不计的 HMs 合并到生物原油和水相中。这项研究表明，HTL 是一种有前途和可持续的途径，可通过转化为更高附加值（或高质量）的产品，尤其是具有较低 HMs 浓度的生物原油，作为大规模富有成效的产品来处理受污染的木材废物。锌）在 HTL 产品中进行了研究。得出的结论是，通过 CW 的液化，大多数 HMs 转移到固体残留物中。可忽略不计的 HMs 合并到生物原油和水相中。这项研究表明，HTL 是一种有前途和可持续的途径，可通过转化为更高附加值（或高质量）的产品，尤其是具有较低 HMs 浓度的生物原油，作为大规模富有成效的产品来处理受污染的木材废物。