Organometallic halide perovskites have been arisen as a class of multi-purpose materials with exciting applications in optoelectronic devices such as solar cells, light-emitting diodes, photo detectors, and laser diodes. In spite of a significant hope in performance, still production process in ambient air and its stability must be addressed as the main issues for this type of material. In this work, a versatile and scalable fabricating process of halide mixed perovskite layers through electrochemical deposition of PbO₂ on FTO (fluorine-doped tin dioxide–coated glass) substrates and double-vapor transformation with HX and CH₃NH₃X (X = I & Br) vapors without using a glove box or a high vacuum system is demonstrated. Highly crystalline hollow-free electrodeposited perovskite layers on FTO substrate were achieved. Treatments with CH₃NH₃Br/CH₃NH₃I precursors were also investigated to check the possible impact on the quality of the final perovskite layer. It was illustrated that the use of CH₃NH₃I or CH₃NH₃Br precursors in the last step of the electrochemical synthesis can determine the properties of the perovskite film. When PbI₂ and PbBr₂ films exposed to CH₃NH₃Br vapor, bromine-treated perovskites were achieved with uniform grain size of ~ 1.5 to 2.3 μm. Similar treatment with CH₃NH₃I vapor led to the smaller grain size perovskite layers (~ 0.7 μm). Final properties of all fabricated layers, including optical absorption, bandgaps the crystalline phases, and chemical composition, were characterized and compared.

有机金属卤化物钙钛矿已经作为一类多用途材料出现，并在光电子器件（例如太阳能电池，发光二极管，光电探测器和激光二极管）中得到了令人兴奋的应用。尽管在性能上有很大希望，但仍必须解决环境空气中的静止生产过程及其稳定性，这是此类材料的主要问题。在这项工作中，通过在FTO（掺氟二氧化锡涂层的玻璃）基板上电化学沉积PbO ₂以及使用HX和CH ₃ NH _3进行双蒸气转化，可以实现卤化物混合钙钛矿层的通用且可扩展的制造过程。演示了X（X = I＆Br）蒸气不使用手套箱或高真空系统的情况。在FTO基板上获得了高度结晶的无空心电沉积钙钛矿层。还研究了用CH ₃ NH ₃ Br / CH ₃ NH ₃ I前体进行的处理，以检查对最终钙钛矿层质量的可能影响。已经表明，在电化学合成的最后步骤中使用CH ₃ NH ₃ I或CH ₃ NH ₃ Br前体可以确定钙钛矿膜的性能。当PbI ₂和PbBr ₂薄膜暴露于CH ₃ NH _3时获得了溴蒸气，溴处理的钙钛矿，粒度均匀，约为1.5至2.3μm。用CH ₃ NH ₃ I蒸气进行的类似处理导致了较小的钙钛矿层（〜0.7μm）。表征并比较了所有已加工层的最终性能，包括光吸收，带隙，结晶相和化学成分。