The use of high strength aluminium alloys, such as 6XXX and 7XXX series, is continuously increasing for automotive applications in view of their good strength-to-weight ratio. Their formability at room temperature is limited and they are thus often formed at high temperatures to enable production of complex geometries. Critical challenges during hot forming of aluminium are the occurrence of severe adhesion and material transfer onto the forming tools. This negatively affects the tool life and the quality of the produced parts. In general, the main mechanisms involved in the occurrence of material transfer of aluminium alloys at high temperature are still not clearly understood. Therefore, this study is focussed on understanding of the friction and wear behaviour during interaction of Al6016 alloy and three different tool steels in as-received and polished state. The tribotests were carried out under dry and lubricated conditions, with two distinct lubricants, using a reciprocating friction and wear tester. The worn surfaces were analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The results showed a high dependence of friction and wear behaviour on the tool steel roughness as well as on the stability of the lubricant films. Tribolayers were found to develop in the contact zone and their capacity to improve the tribological behaviour is seen to be drastically impacted by the surface roughness of the tool steel. When the tribolayers failed, severe adhesion took place and led to high and unstable friction as well as material transfer to the tool steel.

鉴于其良好的强度重量比，在汽车应用中，诸如6XXX和7XXX系列之类的高强度铝合金的使用正在不断增加。它们在室温下的可成形性受到限制，因此它们通常在高温下形成以能够生产复杂的几何形状。铝热成型过程中的关键挑战是发生严重的粘附和材料转移到成型工具上。这会对刀具寿命和所生产零件的质量产生负面影响。通常，仍不清楚铝合金在高温下发生材料转移的主要机理。因此，这项研究的重点是了解在接收和抛光状态下Al6016合金与三种不同的工具钢相互作用时的摩擦和磨损行为。摩擦测试是在干燥和润滑条件下，使用两种不同的润滑剂，使用往复式摩擦磨损测试仪进行的。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和能量色散X射线光谱仪（EDS）分析磨损的表面。结果表明，摩擦和磨损行为与工具钢粗糙度以及润滑膜的稳定性高度相关。发现摩擦层在接触区中形成，并且改善其摩擦学性能的能力被工具钢的表面粗糙度严重影响。当三方军团失败时