The degradation of rock masses making up carbonate slopes within water-level fluctuation zones after the impoundment of reservoirs is in some cases very intense. This has attracted widespread concern because such degradation can result in evolving geological hazards. Quantitative characterization of carbonate rock degradation is the key to the study of this phenomenon and its subsequent impacts. In this article, a meter-scale representative observation plane (body) is selected as the research object. The continuous medium mode is used to describe a carbonate rock mass with evenly distributed degradation quantitatively by way of a rock mass degradation variable (De), which is the relative area ratio or volume ratio of new macroscopic defects (bedding planes, joints, cracks, pores, holes, etc.) that form in a representative rock mass within a period of time. For carbonate rock with nonuniform degradation, a further rock mass degradation variable, De_A, is developed, which represents the relative area ratio or volume ratio of the new defects within a discontinuous surface or body within a period of time. Direct and indirect methods and formulae for acquiring these values are presented, dependent upon the degradation process involved, such as mechanical erosion, dissolution, and fissure development or expansion. The De value is established based on the measurement of area, volume, trace length, aperture, eroded depth, and acoustic wave velocity. The resulting formulae are used to analyze the degradation of typical rock masses in the Wu Gorge in the Three Gorges Reservoir area quantitatively. From 2010 to 2013, the De value increased continuously from 0.18 to 0.42 in Maocaopo and showed an accelerating trend. For the Qingshi 6# slope, for the period from 2017 to 2019, the De value showed an overall decreasing trend with increasing depth based on acoustic wave velocity data. The De value of the rock mass underground is greater than 0.2 for eight sections and reaches a maximum of 0.69. The degradation of the rock mass presents structural and zonal characteristics in the depth direction. In Jiandaofeng, the De value is calculated to be 0.0041 for the period from 2012 to 2017, while, at the Sunjiawan cliff, the De_A value of a large structural plane reaches to 1.03 after 10 years of impoundment. This research forms a foundation for the measurement of the degradation of rock masses in the Three Gorges Reservoir area and provides basic technical support for the subsequent study of rock degradation and hazard prevention in the area. Furthermore, it also provides a reference for assessing the degradation of rock masses within the water-level fluctuation zone for other areas around the world.

在蓄水库蓄水之后，在水位起伏带内组成碳酸盐岩坡度的岩体的退化非常强烈。这引起了广泛的关注，因为这种降解会导致不断演变的地质灾害。碳酸盐岩降解的定量表征是研究这种现象及其后续影响的关键。在本文中，以米为单位的代表性观察平面（身体）被选为研究对象。连续介质模式用于通过岩体退化变量（De）定量描述退化均匀分布的碳酸盐岩体），这是一段时间内在代表性岩体中形成的新的宏观缺陷（层理面，节理，裂缝，孔隙，孔等）的相对面积比或体积比。对于具有不均匀降解的碳酸盐岩石，开发了另一个岩体降解变量De _A，它表示一段时间内不连续表面或主体内新缺陷的相对面积比或体积比。提出了获取这些值的直接和间接方法和公式，具体取决于所涉及的降解过程，例如机械腐蚀，溶解以及裂缝发展或膨胀。本德该值是根据面积，体积，迹线长度，孔径，腐蚀深度和声波速度的测量结果确定的。所得公式用于定量分析三峡库区吴峡典型岩体的退化情况。从2010年到2013年，茅草坡的De值连续从0.18上升到0.42，并呈加速趋势。对于青石6＃边坡，根据声波速度数据，在2017年至2019年期间，De值随深度增加而总体呈下降趋势。本德八个部分的地下岩石质量值均大于0.2，最大值为0.69。岩体的退化在深度方向上表现出结构和地带特征。在剑道峰，2012年至2017年的De值计算为0.0041，而在孙家湾悬崖上，De _A蓄水10年后，大型结构平面的值达到1.03。该研究为三峡库区岩体退化的测量奠定基础，为后续研究该区岩体退化和危害提供了基础技术支持。此外，它还为评估世界其他地区水位波动区内岩体的退化提供了参考。