To reduce the drag of fluid on a surface, the parameterized structure of the mantis shrimp abdominal segment was analyzed to design the airfoil profile, and a calculation model was established based on the biological characteristics of the mantis shrimp. By using a numerical simulation method, the change in the viscous sublayer and drag reduction of the biological surface under different flow velocities and with different numbers of airfoil profiles was analyzed, and the mechanism of the drag reduction of the biological airfoil profile was revealed. The results show that the biological surface with airfoil profiles exhibited a better drag reduction effect. With an increase in airfoil profile numbers, the drag reduction rate first decreased and then increased. When the flow velocity was 10 m/s and the number of airfoil profiles was 5, the drag reduction rate exhibited the largest value of 15.33%. This result showed that the biological airfoil profile could affect the structure of the wall turbulent boundary layer and diminish the velocity gradient of the boundary layer, which finally changed the interaction pattern between the fluid and wall. In addition, the vortex cushioning effect was created to change the friction between the fluid and the wall into a rolling friction with a lower friction coefficient, thus reducing the shear stress on the wall, which achieved drag reduction.

为了减少流体在表面上的阻力，分析了螳螂虾腹部段的参数化结构以设计翼型轮廓，并根据螳螂虾的生物学特性建立了计算模型。通过数值模拟的方法，分析了不同流速和不同翼型轮廓下生物表面粘性亚层的变化和减阻，揭示了生物翼型减阻的机理。结果表明，具有翼型轮廓的生物表面表现出更好的减阻效果。随着翼型轮廓数量的增加，减阻率先降低然后增加。当流速为10 m / s且翼型轮廓数为5时 减阻率最大，为15.33％。该结果表明，生物翼型轮廓可影响壁湍流边界层的结构并减小边界层的速度梯度，从而最终改变了流体与壁之间的相互作用方式。另外，产生涡流缓冲作用以将流体与壁之间的摩擦改变为具有较低摩擦系数的滚动摩擦，从而减小了壁上的剪切应力，从而实现了减阻。