The Graesser–Cozzarelli constitutive model of shape memory alloys (SMAs) has been widely applied in seismic engineering due to its concise functions with well-defined material parameters. However, this model has some limitations, e.g. it fails to model the hardening behavior of SMAs under relatively large strain amplitudes and the effects of ambient temperature. In this paper, a modified Graesser–Cozzarelli constitutive model of pseudoelastic SMAs is proposed, through consideration of the changes of the elastic moduli of SMAs induced by different martensite fractions, the effects of ambient temperature on the pseudoelastic characteristics, the hardening behavior and the phenomenon of degradation of the pseudoelasticity of SMAs under large strain amplitudes. Furthermore, the modified model was validated by the results of experiments on SMA wires under different strain amplitudes and ambient temperatures. The modified model was then utilized to simulate the force–deformation relat...

中文翻译：

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伪弹性SMA的一维修正本构模型及其在模拟SMA螺旋弹簧力-变形关系中的应用

形状记忆合金（SMAs）的Graesser-Cozzarelli本构模型由于其简洁的功能和定义明确的材料参数而被广泛应用于地震工程中。但是，此模型有一些局限性，例如，它无法对相对较大应变幅度和环境温度影响下的SMA的硬化行为进行建模。通过考虑不同马氏体分数引起的SMAs弹性模量的变化，环境温度对伪弹性特征，硬化行为和现象的影响，提出了一种改进的拟弹性SMAs的Graesser-Cozzarelli本构模型。大应变幅度下SMAs拟弹性的退化 此外，通过在不同应变幅度和环境温度下对SMA导线进行的实验结果验证了改进后的模型。然后，使用修改后的模型来模拟力-变形关系。