In the theory of extended irreversible thermodynamics (EIT), the flux-dependent entropy function plays a key role; it is a fundamental distinction between EIT and the usual flux-independent entropy function adopted by classical irreversible thermodynamics (CIT). However, its existence, as a prerequisite for EIT, and its statistical origin have never been justified. In this work, by studying the macroscopic limit of an ϵ -dependent Langevin dynamics, which admits a large deviations (LD) principle, we show that the stationary LD rate functions of probability density p ϵ ( x , t ) and joint probability density ##IMG## [http://ej.iop.org/images/1751-8121/53/42/425202/aabb845ieqn1.gif] {${p}_{{\epsilon}}\left(x,\dot {x},t\right)$} actually turn out to be the desired flux-independent entropy function in CIT and flux-dependent entropy function in EIT respectively. The difference of the two entropy functions is determined ...

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扩展不可逆热力学中熵的统计基础

在扩展不可逆热力学（EIT）理论中，依赖于通量的熵函数起着关键作用。这是EIT与经典不可逆热力学（CIT）所采用的通常与通量无关的熵函数之间的根本区别。但是，它作为EIT的前提条件的存在和它的统计来源从未被证明是正确的。在这项工作中，通过研究ϵ依赖的Langevin动力学的宏观极限，该极限接受大偏差（LD）原理，我们证明了概率密度p ϵ（x，t）和联合概率密度＃的平稳LD速率函数。 ＃IMG ## [http://ej.iop.org/images/1751-8121/53/42/425202/aabb845ieqn1.gif] {$ {p} _ {{\ epsilon}} \ left（x，\ dot {X}，t \ right）$}实际上分别是CIT中期望的与通量无关的熵函数和EIT中期望的与通量无关的熵函数。确定两个熵函数的差...