With the spread of a new invasive plant species, it is vital to determine the effectiveness of removal strategies as well as their advantages and disadvantages before attempting widespread removal. While thousands of dollars have been spent to curtail the spread of wavyleaf basketgrass [Oplismenus undulatifolius (Ard.) P. Beauv.], a relatively new invasive species, the lack of a cohesive management plan and funding has made controlling this species especially difficult. We assessed the efficacy of a variety of chemical control methods and hand weeding for this species and followed select methods over time. We also assessed the potential for ecosystem recovery following removal by measuring total and native species richness in response to treatments. Our pilot study revealed a wide breadth of responses to our eight herbicides, with fluazifop plus fenoxaprop, imazapic, quizalofop, and sulfometuron methyl being the least effective. In our follow-up experiments, hand weeding, glyphosate, and clethodim treatments were effective at reducing O. undulatifolius percent cover, density, and biomass, with an average reduction of at least 48% in the first year. However, we found substantial variation in the effectiveness of clethodim between our two experiments, which was likely driven by site differences. We also found that all three of these removal methods were effective at reducing the number of O. undulatifolius flowering stems and the height of those stems, which will likely reduce the spread of this species to new areas. Finally, we found that these methods have the potential to restore total and native species richness, but that glyphosate-treated plots did not fully recover until 2 yr after treatment.

中文翻译：

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评估去除处理对波浪叶篮子草 (Oplismenus undulatifolius) 的功效

随着新的入侵植物物种的传播，在尝试广泛清除之前确定清除策略的有效性及其优缺点至关重要。虽然已经花费了数千美元来减少波浪叶篮子草的传播 [波利斯曼(Ard.) P. Beauv.]，一种相对较新的入侵物种，缺乏统一的管理计划和资金使得控制该物种特别困难。我们评估了该物种的各种化学控制方法和手工除草的功效，并随着时间的推移遵循选择的方法。我们还通过测量响应处理的总物种和本地物种丰富度来评估移除后生态系统恢复的潜力。我们的试点研究揭示了对我们的八种除草剂的广泛反应，其中氟唑草胺加非诺沙普、灭草定、喹唑啉草胺和磺胺嘧啶的效果最差。在我们的后续实验中，手工除草、草甘膦和烯草酮处理可有效减少O. undulatifolius覆盖率、密度和生物量，第一年平均减少至少 48%。然而，我们发现在我们的两个实验中烯草酮的有效性存在很大差异，这可能是由地点差异驱动的。我们还发现，所有这三种去除方法都可以有效地减少O. undulatifolius开花茎和这些茎的高度，这可能会减少该物种向新地区的传播。最后，我们发现这些方法有可能恢复总物种和本地物种的丰富度，但草甘膦处理的地块直到处理后 2 年才完全恢复。