Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) intake is associated with reduced cardiovascular risk, and its phenolic compound oleocanthal (OC) has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The cardiometabolic effects of EVOO with a high OC concentration have not been fully elucidated. We administered EVOO with a high OC concentration daily to 23 subjects with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and hepatic steatosis (15 men and 8 women, age: 60 ± 11 years) for 2 months. Anthropometric data, metabolic parameters, hepatic steatosis (by fatty liver index, FLI), abdominal fat distribution (by ultrasound), and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were assessed before and after the intervention. EVOO supplementation was associated with a reduction in body weight, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), alanine transaminase and FLI, as well as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17A, tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-1B, while IL-10 increased. Maximum subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT max) also increased, with a concomitant decrease in the ratio of visceral fat layer thickness/SFT max. Correlation analysis revealed positive associations between changes in body weight and BMI and those in SFT max, along with an inverse association between changes in IL-6 and those in SFT max. In conclusion, ingestion of EVOO with a high OC concentration had beneficial effects on metabolic parameters, inflammatory cytokines and abdominal fat distribution in MetS subjects with hepatic steatosis, a category of patients at high cardiometabolic risk.

中文翻译：

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代谢综合征患者每天使用高油橄榄素浓度的初榨橄榄油可减轻体重，腰围，丙氨酸转氨酶，炎性细胞因子和肝脂肪变性：2个月干预研究

摄取特级初榨橄榄油（EVOO）与降低心血管风险有关，其酚类化合物油橄榄酚（OC）具有抗氧化剂和抗炎特性。尚未充分阐明高OC浓度的EVOO的心脏代谢作用。我们每天对23名患有代谢综合征（MetS）和肝脂肪变性（15名男性和8名女性，年龄：60±11岁）的受试者施用OCOO高的EVOO，持续2个月。干预前后评估人体测量数据，代谢参数，肝脂肪变性（通过脂肪肝指数，FLI），腹部脂肪分布（通过超声）以及促炎和抗炎细胞因子。补充EVOO与体重，腰围，体重指数（BMI），丙氨酸转氨酶和FLI以及白介素（IL）-6降低有关，IL-17A，肿瘤坏死因子-α和IL-1B，而IL-10增加。最大皮下脂肪厚度（SFT max）也增加了，内脏脂肪层厚度/ SFT max的比率也随之降低。相关分析显示，体重和BMI的变化与SFT max的变化呈正相关，IL-6的变化与SFT max的变化呈负相关。总之，摄入高OC浓度的EVOO对患有肝脂肪变性的MetS受试者（具有较高的心脏代谢风险的患者）的代谢参数，炎性细胞因子和腹部脂肪分布具有有益的影响。内脏脂肪层厚度/ SFT max的比率随之降低。相关分析显示，体重和BMI的变化与SFT max的变化呈正相关，IL-6的变化与SFT max的变化呈负相关。总之，摄入高OC浓度的EVOO对患有肝脂肪变性的MetS受试者（具有较高的心脏代谢风险的患者）的代谢参数，炎性细胞因子和腹部脂肪分布具有有益的影响。内脏脂肪层厚度/ SFT max的比率随之降低。相关分析显示，体重和BMI的变化与SFT max的变化呈正相关，IL-6的变化与SFT max的变化呈负相关。总之，摄入高OC浓度的EVOO对患有肝脂肪变性的MetS受试者（具有较高的心脏代谢风险的患者）的代谢参数，炎性细胞因子和腹部脂肪分布具有有益的影响。