Posttranscriptional gene expression including splicing, RNA transport, translation and RNA decay provides an important regulatory layer in many if not all molecular pathways. Research in the last decades has positioned RNA‐binding proteins (RBPs) right into the center of posttranscriptional gene regulation. We therefore propose interdependent networks of RBPs to regulate complex pathways within the central nervous system (CNS). These are involved in multiple aspects of neuronal formation and functioning including higher cognition. Therefore, it is not sufficient to unravel the individual contribution of a single RBP and its consequences, but rather to study and understand the tight interplay between different RBPs. In this review, we will summarize recent findings in the field of RBP biology in the CNS and discuss the complex interplay between different RBPs. Second, we will emphasize the underlying dynamics within an RBP network and how this might regulate key processes such as neurogenesis, synaptic transmission and synaptic plasticity. Importantly, we envision that dysfunction of specific RBPs could lead to the perturbation within the RBP network. This would have direct and indirect (compensatory) effects in mRNA binding and translational control leading to global changes in cellular expression programs in general and in synaptic plasticity in particular. Therefore, we will focus on RBP dysfunction and how this might cause neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Based on recent findings, we propose that alterations in the entire regulatory RBP network might account for phenotypic dysfunctions observed in complex diseases including neurodegeneration, epilepsy and autism spectrum disorders.

中文翻译：

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RNA结合蛋白平衡健康和疾病中的大脑功能

转录后基因表达，包括剪接、RNA 转运、翻译和 RNA 衰变，在许多分子通路中提供了重要的调控层。过去几十年的研究已将 RNA 结合蛋白 (RBP) 置于转录后基因调控的中心。因此，我们提出了相互依赖的 RBP 网络来调节中枢神经系统 (CNS) 内的复杂通路。这些涉及神经元形成和功能的多个方面，包括高级认知。因此，阐明单个 RBP 的个人贡献及其后果是不够的，而是要研究和理解不同 RBP 之间的紧密相互作用。在这次审查中，我们将总结中枢神经系统 RBP 生物学领域的最新发现，并讨论不同 RBP 之间复杂的相互作用。其次，我们将强调 RBP 网络中的潜在动态以及它如何调节神经发生、突触传递和突触可塑性等关键过程。重要的是，我们设想特定 RBP 的功能障碍可能导致 RBP 网络内的扰动。这将对 mRNA 结合和翻译控制产生直接和间接（补偿）影响，导致细胞表达程序的整体变化，特别是突触可塑性。因此，我们将关注 RBP 功能障碍以及这可能如何导致神经精神和神经退行性疾病。根据最近的调查结果，