Abstract The spatial production, attraction, and movement of manufactured goods are vital to the economy of a region and country. The U.S. department of transportation also mandates to incorporate continuing and efficient freight movement and infrastructure into statewide and local long range planning. Studies on supply, demand, and transport of manufactured goods by firm, industry, mode, or commodity are vast in the logistics and supply chain literature. However, relatively sparse research is available on aggregated movement or freight on national, state, or local transportation networks. Better understanding and modeling freight movement on highway networks to facilitate local transportation, land use, economic development, and comprehensive planning is at the heart of freight research. Therefore, the major endeavors and novel contributions of this research include a conceptual framework proposed for freight movement research, a multi-level spatial-temporal freight model based upon the social optimum assignment for optimal “from”, “to”, “within”, and “through” freight flows of manufactured goods on the U.S. highway networks, and a set of performance measures designed to reveal states in terms of their competitive advantages in production, attraction, self-sufficiency, or cross-road. The freight flows were first visualized and highlighted by state at the U.S. level, then by county at the state level for Oklahoma, and finally by traffic analysis zone for the Tulsa metropolitan area. The spatial split of freight flows was accomplished through using freight, network, and demographic-economic databases at state, county, and zone scales.

中文翻译：

---

货物运输的多层次时空模型：美国高速公路网络上的制成品流动案例

摘要 制成品的空间生产、吸引力和运动对一个地区和国家的经济至关重要。美国交通部还要求将持续有效的货运和基础设施纳入全州和地方的长期规划。在物流和供应链文献中，按企业、行业、模式或商品对制成品的供应、需求和运输进行了大量研究。然而，关于国家、州或地方交通网络上的聚合运动或货运的研究相对较少。更好地理解和建模高速公路网络上的货运运动，以促进当地交通、土地利用、经济发展和综合规划，这是货运研究的核心。所以，本研究的主要努力和新贡献包括为货运研究提出的概念框架，基于社会最优分配的多层次时空货运模型，以获得最佳“从”、“到”、“内”和“内”。通过”美国高速公路网络上制成品的货运流，以及一系列旨在揭示各州在生产、吸引力、自给自足或十字路口方面的竞争优势的绩效衡量标准。货运流量首先在美国级别按州进行可视化和突出显示，然后是俄克拉荷马州级别的县，最后是塔尔萨大都市区的交通分析区。货运流的空间分割是通过使用州、县和区域尺度的货运、网络和人口经济数据库来完成的。