The working process of the high-speed solenoid valve (HSV) of high-pressure common rail (CR) injector has the characteristics of electro-magnetic-mechanical-hydrodynamic multi-physical field coupling. However, most of the research work in this field is carried out without considering hydrodynamic environment of the HSV. Furthermore, the dynamic response characteristics of the transient fuel hydrodynamic force (TFHF) of the HSV should not be neglected. In this study, a three-dimensional finite element method is used to simulate the TFHF between the injector electromagnet and the armature. The results show that cavitation phenomena appears on the lower surface of the armature during the HSV opening process. The faster the armature moves up, the greater the cavitation intensity. Damping holes on the armature can reduce the TFHF acting on the upper surface of the armature; however, the armature structure with straight grooves and damping holes reduces the TFHF more evidently during the HSV opening and the inhibition effect of this structure on cavitation is more evident. The TFHF on the armature decreases with an increase in the depth of the coil groove. However, the selection of the groove depth should be considered together with the optimization of the electromagnetic force characteristics of the HSV.

高压共轨（CR）喷油器的高速电磁阀（HSV）的工作过程具有电磁-机械-流体动力多物理场耦合的特点。然而，在该领域中的大多数研究工作是在没有考虑HSV的流体动力学环境的情况下进行的。此外，不应忽略HSV的瞬态燃料流体动力（TFHF）的动态响应特性。在这项研究中，使用三维有限元方法来模拟喷油器电磁铁与电枢之间的TFHF。结果表明，在HSV打开过程中，电枢的下表面出现气蚀现象。电枢上升越快，空化强度就越大。电枢上的阻尼孔可以减少作用在电枢上表面的TFHF；然而，具有直槽和阻尼孔的电枢结构在HSV打开期间更明显地降低了TFHF，并且这种结构对气蚀的抑制作用更加明显。电枢上的TFHF随着线圈凹槽深度的增加而减小。但是，应将凹槽深度的选择与HSV的电磁力特性的优化一起考虑。