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Relating goal-directed behaviour to grazing in persons with obesity with and without eating disorder features
Journal of Eating Disorders ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 , DOI: 10.1186/s40337-020-00324-1
Andreea I Heriseanu 1, 2 , Phillipa Hay 3, 4 , Laura Corbit 5 , Stephen Touyz 1, 6
Affiliation  

Background Both obesity and eating disorders (ED) have been associated with reductions in purposeful, flexible goal-directed behaviour, and with an overreliance on more rigid habitual behaviour. It is currently unknown whether grazing, an eating style which is common in both conditions, is related to goal-directed behaviour. The current study therefore aimed to relate grazing to goal-directed behaviour in a group of participants with obesity with and without ED features, compared to a healthy-weight control group. Methods Participants ( N = 87; 67.8% women, mean age 28.57 years), of whom 19 had obesity and significant eating disorder features, 25 had obesity but without marked eating disorder features, and 43 were age- and sex-matched healthy-weight controls, completed two instrumental learning tasks assessing action-outcome contingency sensitivity and devaluation sensitivity, as well as demographic and eating disorder-related questionnaires. Gamma and Ordinary Least Squares regressions were performed to examine the effect of group and grazing on goal-directed behaviour. Results Lower action-outcome contingency sensitivity was found in the group with obesity and with eating disorder features than in the group with obesity but without eating disorder features or in healthy controls. No group differences in devaluation sensitivity were found. A small but significant relationship was found between grazing severity and contingency sensitivity in the group with obesity and eating disorder features, such that increasing grazing severity was associated with less diminished contingency sensitivity. Conclusions There is some indication that in persons with obesity and eating disorder features instrumental behaviour is less flexible and adaptive; furthermore, within this group grazing may represent a goal-directed behaviour, despite unhelpful long-term implications of grazing.

中文翻译:

将目标导向行为与有和没有饮食失调特征的肥胖者的放牧联系起来

背景 肥胖和饮食失调 (ED) 都与有目的的、灵活的目标导向行为的减少以及过度依赖更刻板的习惯行为有关。目前尚不清楚放牧这种在两种情况下都很常见的饮食方式是否与目标导向行为有关。因此,与健康体重对照组相比,目前的研究旨在将放牧与有和没有 ED 特征的肥胖参与者的目标导向行为联系起来。方法 参与者(N = 87;67.8% 女性,平均年龄 28.57 岁),其中 19 人有肥胖和明显的饮食失调特征,25 人有肥胖但没有明显的饮食失调特征,43 人年龄和性别匹配的健康体重控制,完成了两项评估行动结果应急敏感性和贬值敏感性的工具学习任务,以及与人口统计和饮食失调相关的问卷。进行 Gamma 和普通最小二乘回归以检查群体和放牧对目标导向行为的影响。结果发现肥胖和饮食失调组的行动结果应变敏感性低于肥胖但没有饮食失调特征的组或健康对照组。在贬值敏感性方面没有发现组间差异。在具有肥胖和饮食失调特征的组中,放牧严重程度与应急敏感性之间存在小而显着的关系,因此放牧严重程度的增加与应急敏感性的减少减少有关。结论 有一些迹象表明,在肥胖和饮食失调的人中,工具性行为的灵活性和适应性较差;此外,在这个群体中,放牧可能代表了一种目标导向的行为,尽管放牧的长期影响是无益的。
更新日期:2020-10-01
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