Anomalous resistivity caused by lower hybrid drift instabilities (LHDIs) has been extensively studied in the literature, and has been invoked to explain the rates of magnetic diffusion and plasma profile evolution in the low-density plasma periphery of theta and screw pinch plasmas. This article presents a fully kinetic simulation study of LHDIs with a realistic mass ratio using the particle-in-cell code Chicago over a large range of drift speeds, 0.5 < v d i 2 / v t i 2 < 14.5, plasma β, β ≥ 2 × 10 − 5, and temperature ratios, 0.1 < T e / T i < 10. The resistivity quantified from the simulations is compared with the analytic estimates from the literature and a generalized resistivity expression is presented, which can be applied over the entire range of plasma environments that were simulated in this study. This expression uses the amplitude of the LHDI fluctuations resulting from instability saturation by electron resonance broadening rather than plateau formation, current relaxation, or ion trapping. The generalized resistivity expression is appropriate for full-scale fluid simulations that encounter a large range of plasma conditions, and has better agreement with the resistivity quantified from kinetic simulations than previous expressions in the literature, particularly at low plasma β. Anomalous resistivity has also been considered as an explanation of the rapid magnetic field dissipation during magnetic reconnection events at large plasma β. At a large β, the magnetic field fluctuations of LHDIs can dominate the electrostatic fluctuations and this article investigates enhanced collisionality due to the nonlinear magnetic force, δ J × δ B / c.

中文翻译：

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高温载流等离子体中异常电阻率的动力学模拟

由较低的混合漂移不稳定性 (LHDI) 引起的异常电阻率在文献中得到了广泛的研究，并被用来解释 theta 和螺旋收缩等离子体的低密度等离子体外围中的磁扩散和等离子体轮廓演化的速率。本文介绍了 LHDI 的完全动力学模拟研究，使用细胞内粒子代码芝加哥在大范围的漂移速度、0.5 < vdi 2 / vti 2 < 14.5、等离子体 β、β ≥ 2 × 10 − 5 和温度比，0.1 < T e / T i < 10。 将模拟量化的电阻率与文献中的分析估计值进行比较，并提出了广义电阻率表达式，该表达式可应用于整个等离子体范围本研究中模拟的环境。该表达式使用由电子共振加宽而不是平台形成、电流弛豫或离子捕获引起的不稳定性饱和引起的 LHDI 波动的幅度。广义电阻率表达式适用于遇到大范围等离子体条件的全尺寸流体模拟，并且与从动力学模拟中量化的电阻率比文献中的先前表达式更符合，尤其是在低等离子体 β 时。异常电阻率也被认为是对大等离子体 β 的磁重联事件期间快速磁场耗散的解释。在较大的 β 下，LHDI 的磁场波动可以支配静电波动，本文研究了由于非线性磁力 δ J × δ B / c 引起的增强碰撞。