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Ocean acidification causes variable trait‐shifts in a coral species
Global Change Biology ( IF 11.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 , DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15372
Núria Teixidó 1, 2 , Erik Caroselli 3 , Samir Alliouane 2 , Chiara Ceccarelli 3 , Steeve Comeau 2 , Jean‐Pierre Gattuso 2, 4 , Pietro Fici 3 , Fiorenza Micheli 5, 6 , Alice Mirasole 1 , Stephen G. Monismith 7 , Marco Munari 1 , Stephen R. Palumbi 5 , Elizabeth Sheets 5 , Lidia Urbini 8 , Cinzia De Vittor 8 , Stefano Goffredo 3, 9 , Maria Cristina Gambi 1
Affiliation  

High pCO2 habitats and their populations provide an unparalleled opportunity to assess how species may survive under future ocean acidification conditions, and help to reveal the traits that confer tolerance. Here we utilize a unique CO2 vent system to study the effects of exposure to elevated pCO2 on trait‐shifts observed throughout natural populations of Astroides calycularis, an azooxanthellate scleractinian coral endemic to the Mediterranean. Unexpected shifts in skeletal and growth patterns were found. Colonies shifted to a skeletal phenotype characterized by encrusting morphology, smaller size, reduced coenosarc tissue, fewer polyps, and less porous and denser skeletons at low pH. Interestingly, while individual polyps calcified more and extended faster at low pH, whole colonies found at low pH site calcified and extended their skeleton at the same rate as did those at ambient pH sites. Transcriptomic data revealed strong genetic differentiation among local populations of this warm water species whose distribution range is currently expanding northward. We found excess differentiation in the CO2 vent population for genes central to calcification, including genes for calcium management (calmodulin, calcium‐binding proteins), pH regulation (V‐type proton ATPase), and inorganic carbon regulation (carbonic anhydrase). Combined, our results demonstrate how coral populations can persist in high pCO2 environments, making this system a powerful candidate for investigating acclimatization and local adaptation of organisms to global environmental change.

中文翻译:

海洋酸化导致珊瑚物种的性状变化

p CO 2的栖息地及其种群为评估物种在未来的海洋酸化条件下如何生存提供了无与伦比的机会,并有助于揭示赋予耐受性的特征。在这里,我们利用独特的CO 2排放系统来研究暴露于升高的p CO2对在整个自然种群的星状天蛾中观察到的性状转变的影响。,是地中海地区特有的一种偶氮黄蝶蛇形珊瑚。发现骨骼和生长模式发生意外变化。在低pH条件下,菌落转变为骨架表型,其特征是形态复杂,体积较小,共囊骨组织减少,息肉减少以及多孔和致密的骨架减少。有趣的是,虽然单个息肉在低pH值下钙化程度更高并且扩展更快,但在低pH值位点发现的整个菌落以与周围pH值相同的速率钙化并扩展了其骨架。转录组数据显示,该暖水物种的本地种群之间存在强烈的遗传分化,其分布范围目前正在向北扩展。我们发现CO 2的过度分化钙化关键基因的通风口种群,包括钙管理(钙调蛋白,钙结合蛋白),pH调节(V型质子ATPase)和无机碳调节(碳酸酐酶)的基因。综合起来,我们的结果证明了珊瑚种群如何在高p CO 2的环境中持续存在,从而使该系统成为调查生物适应和适应全球环境变化的有力候选者。
更新日期:2020-11-22
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