Organisms, including humans, could be exposed to hypomagnetic fields (HMFs, intensity <5 μT), e.g. in some artificially shielded magnetic environments and during deep‐space flights. Previous studies have demonstrated that HMF exposure could have negative effects on the central nervous system and embryonic development in many animals. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Studies have revealed that HMFs affect cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and thereby alter physiological and biological processes in organisms. ROS, the major component of highly active free radicals, which are ubiquitous in biological systems, were hypothesized to be the candidate signaling molecules that regulate diverse physiological processes in response to changes in magnetic fields. Here, we summarize the recent advances in the study of HMF‐induced negative effects on the central nervous system and early embryonic development in animals, focusing on cellular ROS and their role in response to HMFs. Furthermore, we discuss the potential mechanism through which HMFs regulate ROS levels in cells. © 2020 Bioelectromagnetics Society

中文翻译：

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活性氧种类：响应低磁场暴露的潜在调节分子

包括人类在内的生物体可能会暴露于低磁场（HMF，强度 <5 μT），例如在一些人工屏蔽的磁场环境中和在深空飞行期间。先前的研究表明，HMF 暴露可能对许多动物的中枢神经系统和胚胎发育产生负面影响。然而，潜在的机制仍然未知。研究表明，HMF 会影响细胞活性氧 (ROS) 水平，从而改变生物体的生理和生物过程。ROS 是生物系统中普遍存在的高活性自由基的主要成分，被假设是候选信号分子，可响应磁场变化调节多种生理过程。这里，我们总结了 HMF 对动物中枢神经系统和早期胚胎发育的负面影响研究的最新进展，重点关注细胞 ROS 及其在响应 HMF 中的作用。此外，我们讨论了 HMF 调节细胞中 ROS 水平的潜在机制。© 2020 生物电磁学学会