Although the prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been increasing worldwide, the etiology remains elusive. Investigating oral microbiota dysbiosis is essential to understanding IBD pathogenesis. Our study evaluated variations in salivary microbiota and identified potential associations with IBD. The saliva microbiota of 22 IBD patients and 8 healthy controls (HCs) was determined using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing and analyzed using QIIME2. A distinct saliva microbiota dysbiosis in IBD, characterized by alterations in microbiota biodiversity and composition, was identified. Saccharibacteria (TM7), Absconditabacteria (SR1), Leptotrichia, Prevotella, Bulleidia, and Atopobium, some of which are oral biofilm-forming bacteria, were significantly increased. Moreover, levels of inflammatory cytokines associated with IBD were elevated and positively correlated with TM7 and SR1. Functional variations include down-regulation of genetic information processing, while up-regulation of carbohydrate metabolism and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum in IBD. Our data implicate salivary microbiota dysbiosis involving in IBD pathogenesis.

尽管炎症性肠病 (IBD) 的患病率在全球范围内不断增加，但其病因仍然难以捉摸。调查口腔微生物群失调对于了解 IBD 发病机制至关重要。我们的研究评估了唾液微生物群的变化，并确定了与 IBD 的潜在关联。使用 16S 核糖体 RNA (rRNA) 基因测序确定 22 名 IBD 患者和 8 名健康对照 (HC) 的唾液微生物群，并使用 QIIME2 进行分析。确定了 IBD 中明显的唾液微生物群失调，其特征是微生物群生物多样性和组成的改变。糖杆菌属 (TM7)、潜杆菌属 (SR1)、细毛菌属、普雷沃氏菌属、Bulleidia和Atopobium，其中一些是口腔生物膜形成细菌，显着增加。此外，与 IBD 相关的炎性细胞因子水平升高并与 TM7 和 SR1 呈正相关。功能变化包括遗传信息处理的下调，而 IBD 内质网中碳水化合物代谢和蛋白质处理的上调。我们的数据表明唾液微生物群失调与 IBD 发病机制有关。