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Bird community changes associated with cattle raising management in the delta forests of the Paraná River
Basic and Applied Ecology ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2020.09.011
Antonio E. Frutos , Pamela M.L. Leiva , Carlos I. Piña

Abstract Riparian forests and environments close to watercourses support high biodiversity, which may be modified by human activities. In the Parana River Delta region, cattle raising is one of the activities with the greatest impact, altering vegetation structure. These changes are reflected in bird communities that inhabit these environments. We hypothesize that the absence of large herbivores (whether cows or native deer) will produce an increase in the vegetation cover of the lower strata of forests, due to the greater height of the herbaceous stratum and greater coverage of the shrub stratum, and that these changes mainly affect the species of birds that use resources associated with these strata. Our objective was to understand the changes in richness and abundance of the bird community among different types of cattle management using a functional aggregation approach of bird species. In the areas with cattle, we found less coverage of the shrub layer, lower height of the herbaceous layer and fewer climbing vines. We found that changes in richness and abundance of bird community were strongly related to species associated with the lower vegetation strata (ground-feeding guild, shrub guild and low canopy guild), and that the responses of the different guilds were not homogeneous. Understanding the direction of changes in bird communities occurring in response to modifications of the environment, allows us to optimize conservation efforts. If these efforts are based on conservation of the environment in its natural state, we should adjust the management of the herbivory to the pristine conditions of the environment. On the other hand, if conservation efforts are based on particular species or groups of species associated with certain resources, the correct management of herbivory by cattle can be essential to obtain successful results.

中文翻译:

巴拉那河三角洲森林与养牛管理相关的鸟类群落变化

摘要 河岸森林和靠近水道的环境支持高度的生物多样性,这可能会被人类活动改变。在巴拉那河三角洲地区,养牛是影响最大的活动之一,改变了植被结构。这些变化反映在栖息在这些环境中的鸟类群落中。我们假设没有大型食草动物(无论是奶牛还是本地鹿)将导致较低森林层的植被覆盖增加,因为草本层的高度更高,灌木层的覆盖率更大,并且这些变化主要影响使用与这些地层相关资源的鸟类种类。我们的目标是使用鸟类物种的功能聚合方法来了解不同类型的牛管理中鸟类群落丰富度和丰度的变化。在有牛的地区,我们发现灌木层的覆盖率较低,草本层的高度较低,攀缘藤蔓较少。我们发现鸟类群落丰富度和丰度的变化与与较低植被层(地面饲养行会、灌木行会和低冠行会)相关的物种密切相关,并且不同行会的反应并不均匀。了解鸟类群落因环境变化而发生变化的方向,使我们能够优化保护工作。如果这些努力是基于保护自然状态的环境,我们应该调整食草动物的管理以适应环境的原始条件。另一方面,如果保护工作是基于与某些资源相关的特定物种或物种组,则牛对食草动物的正确管理对于获得成功的结果至关重要。
更新日期:2020-12-01
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