Graphosoma lineatum (Hemiptera: Pentatomoidae) is a polyphagia that feeds on plants from the Apiaceae family, including Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Daucus carota L., Ferulago campestris (Besser) Grecescu. It is reported as an important pest in our country, especially in anise production areas. In general, pests prefer generative organs of plants and harm them by feeding on maturing or matured seeds. Chemical control methods are usually preferred in the control of pests. The adverse effects of pesticides on humans and the environment enhance the importance of biological control. For this reason, possible biological control efforts against pests should be produced as an alternative to chemical control. For this purpose, commercially available biocontrol products including Nibortem (Verticillium lecani), Bio Magic (Metarhizium anisopliae), Nostalgist SL (Beauveria bassiana) and Priority SL (Paecilomyces fumosoreus) have been used against pests. Graphosoma lineatum adults used for the cultures in the experiment were collected by hand from D. carota plants found at the edge of the practice area of Ondokuz Mayis University Agricultural Faculty. In the study, all the biocontrol products were applied by spraying a dose of 250 ml \ 100 lt water directly on to the G. lineatum adults. Experiments were conducted in 5 repeats and with 10 individuals. The study was checked daily and dead individuals were counted, and the counting continued for 8 days. As a result, it has been demonstrated that commercially available biocontrol products can control biocontrol the pests in question. As a result, we observed at the end of 8th day, the efficiency of B. bassiana was 100% while the mortality rate of P. fumosoroseus, M. anisopliae, and V. lecanii were 95.45%, 81.82%, and 68.18%, respectively. The isolates of Akca-2 and 27-1A were efficient at 90.91% and 95.45% respectively. Lethal time (LT) values were as mentioned below; LT90 values were; 1.43 days for Thiacloprid & Deltamethrin, 1.68 days for S. spinosa, 5.85 days for 27-1A, 6.15 days for Akca-2, 6.87 days for P. fumosoroseus, 6.95 days for B. bassiana, 6.96 days for Azadirachtin, 8.54 days for M. anisopliae and 8.93 days for V. lecanii. We concluded that B. bassiana, P. fumosoroseus, S. spinosa and the isolates from 27-1A, Akca-2, Azadirachtin had as a similar efficiency as Thiacloprid & Deltamethrin had. As a result, entomopathogenic fungi, bacteria and Azadiractin used in this study can be used against G. lineatum adults for organic control.

中文翻译：

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在实验条件下对 Graphosoma lineatum (L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) 生物防治剂的评价

Graphosoma lineatum (Hemiptera: Pentatomoidae) 是一种多食性，以伞形科植物为食，包括 Foeniculum vulgare Mill.、Daucus carota L.、Ferulago campestris (Besser) Grecescu。据报道，它是我国重要的害虫，尤其是在茴香产区。一般来说，害虫更喜欢植物的生殖器官，并通过以成熟或成熟的种子为食来危害它们。化学防治方法通常是防治害虫的首选方法。农药对人类和环境的不利影响增强了生物防治的重要性。出于这个原因，应对有害生物进行可能的生物防治工作，作为化学防治的替代方案。为此，市售的生物防治产品包括 Nibortem (Verticillium lecani)、Bio Magic (Metarhizium anisopliae)、Nostalgist SL (Beauveria bassiana) 和Priority SL (Paecilomyces fumosoreus) 已用于防治害虫。Graphosoma lineatum 成虫用于实验中的培养，是从 Ondokuz Mayis 大学农业学院实践区边缘发现的 D. carota 植物中手工收集的。在该研究中，所有生物防治产品均通过将 250 毫升 / 100 升水的剂量直接喷洒到 G. lineatum 成虫上。实验重复进行 5 次，对 10 个人进行。每天检查研究并计数死亡个体，计数持续8天。因此，已经证明市售的生物防治产品可以控制所讨论的害虫的生物防治。结果，我们在第 8 天结束时观察到 B 的效率。Basiana 的死亡率为 100%，而 P. fumosoroseus、M. anisopliae 和 V. lecanii 的死亡率分别为 95.45%、81.82% 和 68.18%。Akca-2 和 27-1A 的分离效率分别为 90.91% 和 95.45%。致死时间（LT）值如下所述；LT90 值为；噻虫啉和溴氰菊酯 1.43 天，刺链球菌 1.68 天，27-1A 5.85 天，Akca-2 6.15 天，P. fumosoroseus 6.87 天，球孢菌 6.95 天，印楝素 6.96 天， M. anisopliae 和 8.93 天为 V. lecanii。我们得出结论，球孢球虫、烟曲霉、刺链球菌和来自 27-1A、Akca-2、印楝素的分离物具有与噻虫啉和溴氰菊酯相似的效率。因此，本研究中使用的昆虫病原真菌、细菌和 Azadiractin 可用于对抗 G.