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The Role of Ventromedial Hypothalamus Receptors in the Central Regulation of Food Intake
International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 , DOI: 10.1007/s10989-020-10120-9
Shiba Yousefvand , Farshid Hamidi

Abstract

Hypothalamus is the most critical center in the brain for regulation of food intake. Hypothalamus performs this function through special nuclei. The most important of these nuclei is PVN, because in addition to receiving input from special hypothalamic nuclei, it also receives input from other regions of the brain, as well circulation. Inputs received from other areas of the brain via special receptors including: MCR, GABA, IR, LepR, CBR, OXR, HR, NPY, D, CRF, and GHSR. Due to the presence of several receptors on VMH, different neurotransmitters and neuromodulators related to central food intake regulation effect on this nucleus. These neurotransmitters include two categories: orexigenic and anorexigenic. Orexigenic neuropeptides such as: NPY, orexin, endocannabinoids, glutamate, urocortin, and ghrelin. Anorexigenic neuropeptides included: MSH, CRF, leptin, insulin, BDNF, histamine, and dopamine. Then, VMH integrates these inputs from the bind of these neurotransmitters to their receptors, and sends the final feedback to other brain regions. The VMH is the first satiety center in the brain, and it receives various inputs from different regions of the brain and circulation via multiple receptors, as well as integrating these inputs and sending the appropriate output to other areas of the brain, VMH plays an important role in central control of food intake. Therefore, throughout this review article would discuss the function of this nucleus on central regulation of food intake via various neuropeptides and receptors.

Graphic Abstract

Legend: ARC: Arcuate nucleus. PVN: Paraventricular nucleus. VMH: Ventromedial hypothalamus. SF1: Serotonergic factor 1. BDNF: Brain-derived neurotropic factor. POMC: pro-opiomelanocortin. AgRP/NPY: Agouti related protein/ Neuropeptide Y. VTA: Ventral tegmental area. CB: Endocannabinoidergic neuron. OX: Orexin neuron. TB: Tuberommillary nucleus. H: Histaminergic neuron. D: Dopaminergic neuron. G: Glutamatergic neuron.: Stimulatory projection.: Inhibitory projection.



中文翻译:

下丘脑下丘脑受体在食物摄入中枢调节中的作用

摘要

下丘脑是大脑中调节食物摄入量的最关键中心。下丘脑通过特殊的细胞核执行此功能。这些核中最重要的是PVN,因为除了接收来自下丘脑特殊核的输入外,它还接收来自大脑其他区域以及循环的输入。通过特殊的受体从大脑其他区域接收到的输入信息包括:MCR,GABA,IR,LepR,CBR,OXR,HR,NPY,D,CRF和GHSR。由于VMH上存在几种受体,因此与中枢食物摄入调节相关的不同神经递质和神经调节剂对该核有影响。这些神经递质包括两类:致食性和厌食性。产氧神经肽,例如:NPY,食欲肽,内源性大麻素,谷氨酸盐,尿皮质素和生长素释放肽。厌食神经肽包括:MSH,CRF,瘦素,胰岛素,BDNF,组胺和多巴胺。然后,VMH将这些神经递质与受体的结合输入的信息整合起来,并将最终的反馈信息发送到其他大脑区域。VMH是大脑中的第一个饱食中心,它通过多个受体从大脑的不同区域和循环中接收各种输入,并整合这些输入并将适当的输出发送到大脑的其他区域,因此VMH发挥了重要作用在中央控制食物摄入中的作用。因此,在本综述中,整个文章将讨论该核通过各种神经肽和受体对食物摄入的中枢调节的功能。并将最终反馈发送到其他大脑区域。VMH是大脑中的第一个饱食中心,它通过多个受体从大脑的不同区域和循环中接收各种输入,并整合这些输入并将适当的输出发送到大脑的其他区域,因此VMH发挥了重要作用在中央控制食物摄入中的作用。因此,在本综述中,整个文章将讨论该核通过各种神经肽和受体对食物摄入的中枢调节的功能。并将最终反馈发送到其他大脑区域。VMH是大脑中的第一个饱食中心,它通过多个受体从大脑的不同区域和循环中接收各种输入,并整合这些输入并将适当的输出发送到大脑的其他区域,因此VMH发挥了重要作用在中央控制食物摄入中的作用。因此,在本综述中,整个文章将讨论该核通过各种神经肽和受体对食物摄入的中枢调节的功能。VMH在食物摄入的中央控制中起着重要作用。因此,在本综述中,整个文章将讨论该核通过各种神经肽和受体对食物摄入的中枢调节的功能。VMH在食物摄入的中央控制中起着重要作用。因此,在本综述中,整个文章将讨论该核通过各种神经肽和受体对食物摄入的中枢调节的功能。

图形摘要

图例:ARC:弓形核。PVN:脑室旁核。VMH:下丘脑腹内侧。SF1:血清素能因子1。BDNF:脑源性神经营养因子。POMC:促黑素皮质激素。AgRP / NPY:Agouti相关蛋白/神经肽Y。VTA:腹侧被盖区域。CB:内源性大麻素神经元。OX:食欲素神经元。TB:结核末核。H:组胺能神经元。D:多巴胺能神经元。G:谷氨酸能神经元。:刺激性投射。:抑制性投射。

更新日期:2020-10-02
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