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Natural alkaloids from narrow-leaf and yellow lupins transfer to soil and soil solution in agricultural fields
Environmental Sciences Europe ( IF 5.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 , DOI: 10.1186/s12302-020-00405-7
Jawameer R. Hama , Bjarne W. Strobel

Background

Lupin is a promising legume crop, belongs to the Fabaceae (or Leguminosae) family. Lupin production for traditional and functional foods or animal feed is limited, due to the content of toxic quinolizidine (QA)s and indole alkaloids (IA)s. These compounds may not only pose a risk to humans and animals through food consumption, but may also affect soil and aquatic ecosystems. Field experiments were conducted to study the alkaloids content in both narrow-leaved or blue (L. angustifolius) and yellow (L. luteus) lupin plant tissue during a full growing season and understand the environmental fate of alkaloids in soil and water. Suction cups were used to collect soil pore water (soil solution) at four depths: 10, 25, 50 and 70 cm. A full protocol for sample preparation and UPLC–MS/MS quantification of alkaloids in plant, soil and water was developed.

Results

During the field experiments the alkaloids in the plant tissues increased, at the harvest stage the content was highest with 21.4 and 24.6 mg/kg dry weight (dw) for blue and yellow lupin, respectively. In soil, alkaloids quantified during the growing season (max concentration was 1.3 × 102 µg/kg dw) and even detected after harvest (0.2 µg/kg dw). In soil pore water samples, alkaloids were not detected during summer, but the concentrations increased to 9.8 × 102 and 1.5 × 103 ng/L for blue and yellow, respectively, in September when autumn precipitation began.

Conclusions

The results show the amount of alkaloids transferred from plant tissue into soil and soil pore water estimated to be on average 0.016% and 0.005% in soil and soil pore water, respectively. Alkaloids leached from topsoil to subsoil layers; the concentrations decline with soil depth. This study demonstrates that alkaloids are mobile compounds in the soil environments, thus lupin production may affect soil or aquatic ecosystems, and reduce water quality.



中文翻译:

窄叶和黄色羽扇豆的天然生物碱转移到农田中的土壤和土壤溶液中

背景

羽扇豆是一种很有前途的豆类作物,属于豆科豆科)。由于有毒的喹oli嗪(QA)和吲哚生物碱(IA)的含量,传统和功能性食品或动物饲料的羽扇豆生产受到限制。这些化合物不仅可能通过食用食物对人类和动物构成威胁,而且还可能影响土壤和水生生态系统。进行了田间试验,以研究窄叶或蓝色(L. angustifolius)和黄色(L. luteus)中生物碱的含量)羽扇豆在整个生长季节中的植物组织,并了解生物碱在土壤和水中的环境命运。吸盘用于在四个深度:10、25、50和70厘米处收集土壤孔隙水(土壤溶液)。开发了用于样品制备和植物,土壤和水中生物碱的UPLC-MS / MS定量的完整方案。

结果

在田间试验中,植物组织中的生物碱含量增加,在收获阶段,蓝色和黄色羽扇豆的含量最高,分别为21.4和24.6 mg / kg干重(dw)。在土壤中,生物碱在生长期被定量(最大浓度为1.3×10 2  µg / kg dw),甚至在收获后被检测到(0.2 µg / kg dw)。在土壤孔隙水样品中,夏季未检出生物碱,但 在9月秋季开始降雨时,蓝色和黄色的浓度分别增至9.8×10 2和1.5×10 3 ng / L。

结论

结果表明,从植物组织转移到土壤和土壤孔隙水中的生物碱的量分别估计分别为土壤和土壤孔隙水中的0.016%和0.005%。生物碱从表土浸出到地下层。浓度随土壤深度而下降。这项研究表明生物碱在土壤环境中是可移动的化合物,因此羽扇豆的生产可能会影响土壤或水生生态系统,并降低水质。

更新日期:2020-10-02
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