Establishing clear evidence of solar-induced lower atmosphere effects is hampered by the small 11-year solar cycle responses, typically swamped by meteorological variability. Strong 27-day cyclic changes are exploited here instead. During the 2007/8 minimum in solar activity, regular 27-day lighthouse-like sweeps of energetic particles crossed the heliosphere and Earth, followed by a burst of solar ultraviolet radiation. Averaging the atmospheric responses at UK sites reveals immediate cooling in the troposphere after the peak energetic particle flux, followed by warming in the stratosphere. Regionally, this is accompanied by zonal wind changes, and temperature changes beneath cloud at the same time. Of two possible rapid distinct routes of solar influence—photochemical (through ozone) and atmospheric electrical (through low level clouds)—the ozone route does not provide a phase-locked response but the electrical route is supported by observed phase-locked thickening of low level clouds. These findings have potential value to weather forecasting.

中文翻译：

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在低层大气中观察到的快速间接太阳反应

确定太阳引起的低层大气效应的明确证据受到 11 年太阳周期小响应的阻碍，通常会受到气象变化的影响。此处利用了 27 天的强循环变化。在 2007/8 年太阳活动极小期期间，有规律的 27 天灯塔般的高能粒子扫过日光层和地球，随后是太阳紫外线辐射爆发。平均英国站点的大气响应显示，在高能粒子通量峰值之后，对流层立即冷却，随后平流层变暖。在区域上，这伴随着纬向风的变化，同时云下的温度也发生了变化。在两种可能的快速不同的太阳影响路线——光化学（通过臭氧）和大气电（通过低层云）——臭氧路线不提供锁相响应，但电路线得到观察到的低层的锁相增厚的支持。水平云。这些发现对天气预报具有潜在价值。