The discovery of human-associated microscopic life forms has captivated the scientific community since their first documentation in the 17^th century. Subsequent isolation and cultivation of microorganisms have spurred great leaps in medicine, including the discovery of antibiotics, identifying pathogens that cause infectious diseases, and vaccine development. The realization that there is a vast discrepancy between the number of microscopic cell counts and how many could thrive in the laboratory motivated the advent of sequencing-based approaches to characterize the unculturable fraction of the microbiota, leading to an unprecedented view into their composition and putative function on all bodily surfaces. It soon became apparent that specific members of the microbiota can be our commensal partners with new implications on various aspects of health, as well as a rich source of therapeutic compounds and tools for biotechnology. Harnessing the immense repertoire of microbial properties, however, inadvertently requires pure cultures for validation and manipulation of candidate genes, proteins or metabolic pathways, just as mammalian cell culture has become an indispensable tool for mechanistic understanding of host biology. Yet, this renewed interest in growing microorganisms, individually or as a consortium, is stalled by the laborious nature of conventional cultivation methods. Addressing this unmet need through implementation of improved media design and new cultivation techniques is arguably instrumental to future milestones in translational microbiome research.

中文翻译：

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新微生物学：培育微生物组导向医学的未来

人类相关的微观生命形式的发现，因为在17他们的第一个文档已经征服了科学界^第世纪。随后微生物的分离和培养促进了医学的巨大飞跃，包括发现抗生素、识别引起传染病的病原体以及疫苗开发。认识到微观细胞计数的数量与在实验室中可以茁壮成长的数量之间存在巨大差异，这促使基于测序的方法的出现来表征微生物群的不可培养部分，从而对它们的组成和推定的部分产生了前所未有的看法作用于所有身体表面。很快就很明显，微生物群的特定成员可以成为我们的共生伙伴，对健康的各个方面都有新的影响，以及治疗化合物和生物技术工具的丰富来源。利用大量微生物特性，然而，无意中需要纯培养物来验证和操作候选基因、蛋白质或代谢途径，就像哺乳动物细胞培养已成为理解宿主生物学机制不可或缺的工具一样。然而，这种对单独或作为联合培养微生物的新兴趣因传统培养方法的费力性质而停滞不前。通过实施改进的培养基设计和新的培养技术来解决这一未满足的需求，可以说有助于转化微生物组研究的未来里程碑。这种对单独或作为联合培养微生物的新兴趣因传统培养方法的费力性质而停滞不前。通过实施改进的培养基设计和新的培养技术来解决这一未满足的需求，可以说有助于转化微生物组研究的未来里程碑。这种对单独或作为联合培养微生物的新兴趣因传统培养方法的费力性质而停滞不前。通过实施改进的培养基设计和新的培养技术来解决这一未满足的需求，可以说有助于转化微生物组研究的未来里程碑。