On 27 February 2010, Chile experienced one of the strongest earthquakes in recorded history. The study aimed to evaluate post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and post-traumatic growth (PTG) in children and adolescents 12 months (T1) and 24 months (T2) after the earthquake and tsunamis in Chile in 2010. Three hundred twenty-five children and adolescents (47.4% girls; 52.6% boys) between the ages of 10 and 16 years participated in the study. The instruments included the Revised Post-traumatic Growth Inventory for Children by Kilmer et al., the Childhood PTSD Scale by Foa et al. and the Rumination Scale for Children by Cryder et al., as well as a scale to assess the severity of the event and a sociodemographic questionnaire. The PTSS and PTG scores decreased at T2. In addition, the main predictors of PTSS and PTG were disruptive experiences, losses after the event and intrusive and deliberate rumination during the previous year. These results enhance understanding of factors related to PTG, improve the ability to predict PTSS and PTG in children and adolescents following natural disasters, and inform the design of intervention strategies to promote better mental health in those affected.

中文翻译：

---

2010 年智利地震和海啸发生后 12 个月和 24 个月儿童和青少年的创伤后应激症状和创伤后成长：纵向研究

2010 年 2 月 27 日，智利经历了有记录以来最强烈的地震之一。该研究旨在评估 2010 年智利地震和海啸后 12 个月 (T1) 和 24 个月 (T2) 儿童和青少年的创伤后应激症状 (PTSS) 和创伤后成长 (PTG)。三百二十5 名 10 至 16 岁的儿童和青少年（47.4% 女孩；52.6% 男孩）参加了这项研究。这些工具包括 Kilmer 等人修订的儿童创伤后成长量表、Foa 等人的儿童 PTSD 量表。和 Cryder 等人的儿童反刍量表，以及评估事件严重程度的量表和社会人口调查问卷。PTSS 和 PTG 评分在 T2 时下降。此外，PTSS 和 PTG 的主要预测因素是破坏性经历，事件发生后的损失以及前一年的侵入性和故意沉思。这些结果增强了对 PTG 相关因素的理解，提高了预测自然灾害后儿童和青少年 PTSS 和 PTG 的能力，并为干预策略的设计提供信息，以促进受影响者更好的心理健康。