Transgene flow from engineered Brassica napus to wild weed relatives could potentially have an environmental effect. To evaluate the introgression of transgenic B. napus into wild Brassica juncea, the hybrid F₁ and backcross progenies derived from B. juncea (genome constitution AABB) and transgenic B. napus (AACC) crosses were investigated. C‐genome‐specific simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers corresponding to linkage groups N11–N19 in B. napus were screened and used to estimate the marker frequency in hybrid F₁ and backcross progenies. C‐genome‐specific markers could be stably detected in hybrid F₁ and backcross BC₁ plants, but were only rarely found in the BC₂–BC₅ generations. For example, a specific SSR marker for linkage group N12 segregated in BC₂ generation but were completely lost in BC₃–BC₅, while a specific SSR marker of linkage group N15 segregated in BC₁, BC₂ and BC₃ generations and was absent in more advanced backcrossed generations (BC₄ and BC₅). The results indicate that a certain gene regions in Brassica napus plants are transmitted at a relatively lower frequency to wild relatives, and more rapidly disappeared in subsequent backcross generations. We propose that a foreign gene or transgene that is integrated in the C‐chromosome of Brassica napus could reduce the risk of introgression in nature.

中文翻译：

---

从甘蓝型油菜到野生芥菜的转基因基因渗入过程中C基因组特异性标记的丢失

从工程化的甘蓝型油菜到野生杂草近缘种的转基因流可能具有环境影响。为了评价转基因的基因渗入欧洲油菜到野生芥菜，所述杂种F1 ₁衍生自和回交子代芥菜（基因组构成AABB）和转基因欧洲油菜（AACC）杂交进行了研究。筛选了甘蓝型油菜中对应于连锁群N11–N19的C基因组特异性简单序列重复（SSR）标记，并用于估计杂种F ₁和回交后代的标记频率。可以在杂种F _1中稳定检测C基因组特异性标记和回交BC ₁植物，但很少在BC ₂ –BC ₅世代中发现。例如，针对连接基团N12的特定SSR标记在BC ₂世代中分离，但在BC ₃ –BC ₅中完全丢失，而针对连接基团N15的特定SSR标记在BC ₁，BC ₂和BC ₃世代中分离而缺失。在更高级的回交世代中（BC ₄和BC ₅）。结果表明，甘蓝型油菜有一定的基因区域植物以相对较低的频率传播给野生亲缘种，并在随后的回交世代中更迅速地消失。我们建议将整合在甘蓝型油菜C染色体中的外源基因或转基因可以降低自然渗入的风险。