Organ and tissue repair are a complex processes involving signaling molecules, growth factors, and cell cycle regulators that act in concert to promote cell division and differentiation at sites of injury. In embryonic development, progenitor fetal cells are actively involved in reparative mechanisms and display a biphasic interaction with the mother; and there is constant trafficking of fetal cells into maternal circulation and vice versa. This phenomenon of fetal microchimerism may have significant impact considering the primitive, multilineage nature of these cells. In published work, we have reported that fetal-derived placental cells expressing the homeodomain protein CDX2 retain all "stem" functional proteins of embryonic stem cells yet are endowed with additional functions in areas of growth, survival, homing, and immune modulation. These cells exhibit multipotency in vitro and in vivo, giving rise to spontaneously beating cardiomyocytes and vascular cells. In mouse models, CDX2 cells from female placentas can be administered intravenously to male mice subjected to myocardial infarction with subsequent homing of the CDX2 cells to infarcted areas and evidence of cellular regeneration with enhanced cardiac function. Elucidating the role of microchimeric fetal-derived placental cells may have broader scientific potential, as one can envision allogeneic cell therapy strategies targeted at tissue regeneration for a variety of organ systems.

中文翻译：

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嵌合体是器官修复的基础

器官和组织修复是一个复杂的过程，涉及信号分子、生长因子和细胞周期调节剂，它们协同作用以促进损伤部位的细胞分裂和分化。在胚胎发育过程中，胎儿祖细胞积极参与修复机制，并与母体呈现双相相互作用；胎儿细胞不断进入母体循环，反之亦然。考虑到这些细胞的原始、多谱系性质，这种胎儿微嵌合现象可能具有重大影响。在已发表的工作中，我们报道了表达同源域蛋白 CDX2 的胎儿源性胎盘细胞保留了胚胎干细胞的所有“干”功能蛋白，但在生长、存活、归巢、和免疫调节。这些细胞在体外和体内表现出多能性，产生自发搏动的心肌细胞和血管细胞。在小鼠模型中，来自雌性胎盘的 CDX2 细胞可以静脉注射给遭受心肌梗塞的雄性小鼠，随后 CDX2 细胞归巢到梗塞区域，并证明细胞再生具有增强的心脏功能。阐明微嵌合胎儿胎盘细胞的作用可能具有更广泛的科学潜力，因为人们可以设想针对各种器官系统组织再生的同种异体细胞治疗策略。来自雌性胎盘的 CDX2 细胞可以静脉注射给遭受心肌梗塞的雄性小鼠，随后 CDX2 细胞归巢到梗塞区域，并证明心脏功能增强的细胞再生。阐明微嵌合胎儿胎盘细胞的作用可能具有更广泛的科学潜力，因为人们可以设想针对各种器官系统组织再生的同种异体细胞治疗策略。来自雌性胎盘的 CDX2 细胞可以静脉注射给遭受心肌梗塞的雄性小鼠，随后 CDX2 细胞归巢到梗塞区域，并证明心脏功能增强的细胞再生。阐明微嵌合胎儿胎盘细胞的作用可能具有更广泛的科学潜力，因为人们可以设想针对各种器官系统组织再生的同种异体细胞治疗策略。