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The life cycle climate performance evaluation of low-GWP refrigerants for domestic heat pumps
International Journal of Refrigeration ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-30 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2020.09.020
Changru Yang , Sangwon Seo , Nobuo Takata , Kyaw Thu , Takahiko Miyazaki

Domestic heat pumps constitute a significant part of the global heat pump industry. R401A offers excellent performance with no influence on the ozone depletion and has been a dominant refrigerant in most domestic heat pumps. However, R410A has a significant impact on the climate due to its high global warming potential (GWP). Thus, the heat pump industry has been focusing on the development of R410A substitutes. Pure refrigerant alternates, such as HFC32, and the blends mixed with low-GWP refrigerants, such as HFO1234yf and HFO1234ze(E), are widely reported. Besides the direct impact of refrigerants (which is estimated as GWP), domestic heat pumps indirectly affect the environment from the energy consumption and manufacturing processes. Hence the life cycle climate performance (LCCP) analysis accounts for all emissions through the lifetime of a heat pump. This article reports the LCCP evaluation of various low-GWP refrigerants for R410A replacement on domestic heat pumps. Six refrigerants, i.e., HFC32, binary blends of HFC32 and HFO1234yf (with GWP values of 300, 200 and 150), and HFC32 and HFO1234ze(E) with GWP values of 300 and 200, were compared against R410A. The performance data of these refrigerants from the experimental heat pump facility were utilized to evaluate the LCCP. Among the selected refrigerants, the binary blend of HFC32/HFO1234ze(E) with GWP 300 shows the lowest LCCP. Low-GWP refrigerants would become more competitive than R410A when CO2 emission from energy generations can be reduced by the optimization of the system or the usage of renewable energy.



中文翻译:

家用热泵低全球升温潜能值制冷剂的生命周期气候性能评估

家用热泵构成了全球热泵行业的重要组成部分。R401A具有出色的性能,对臭氧层的消耗没有影响,并且已成为大多数家用热泵中的主要制冷剂。但是,由于R410A具有很高的全球变暖潜能(GWP),因此对气候具有重大影响。因此,热泵行业一直专注于R410A替代品的开发。广泛报道了纯制冷剂替代品(例如HFC32)和与低GWP制冷剂(例如HFO1234yf和HFO1234ze(E))混合的混合物。除了制冷剂的直接影响(估计为GWP)外,家用热泵还通过能耗和制造过程间接影响环境。因此,生命周期气候性能(LCCP)分析考虑了热泵整个生命周期内的所有排放。本文报告了在家用热泵上替代R410A的各种低GWP制冷剂的LCCP评估。比较了六种制冷剂,即HFC32,HFC32和HFO1234yf(GWP值分别为300、200和150)的二元共混物以及GFC值分别为300和200的HFC32和HFO1234ze(E)与R410A。来自实验热泵设施的这些制冷剂的性能数据被用于评估LCCP。在选定的制冷剂中,HFC32 / HFO1234ze(E)与GWP 300的二元混合物显示出最低的LCCP。当CO降低时,低GWP的制冷剂将比R410A更具竞争力 比较了六种制冷剂,即HFC32,HFC32和HFO1234yf(GWP值分别为300、200和150)的二元共混物以及GFC值分别为300和200的HFC32和HFO1234ze(E)与R410A。来自实验热泵设施的这些制冷剂的性能数据被用于评估LCCP。在选定的制冷剂中,HFC32 / HFO1234ze(E)与GWP 300的二元混合物显示出最低的LCCP。当CO降低时,低GWP的制冷剂将比R410A更具竞争力 比较了六种制冷剂,即HFC32,HFC32和HFO1234yf(GWP值分别为300、200和150)的二元共混物以及GFC值分别为300和200的HFC32和HFO1234ze(E)与R410A。来自实验热泵设施的这些制冷剂的性能数据被用于评估LCCP。在选定的制冷剂中,HFC32 / HFO1234ze(E)与GWP 300的二元混合物显示出最低的LCCP。当CO降低时,低GWP的制冷剂将比R410A更具竞争力 HFC32 / HFO1234ze(E)与GWP 300的二进制混合显示最低的LCCP。当CO降低时,低GWP的制冷剂将比R410A更具竞争力 HFC32 / HFO1234ze(E)与GWP 300的二进制混合显示最低的LCCP。当CO降低时,低GWP的制冷剂将比R410A更具竞争力2通过优化系统或使用可再生能源可以减少能源产生的排放。

更新日期:2020-11-25
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