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A modern era of personalized medicine in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of prostate cancer
Computers in Biology and Medicine ( IF 7.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-30 , DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.104020
Vinoth-Kumar Lakshmanan 1 , Shreesh Ojha 2 , Young Do Jung 3
Affiliation  

The present era is witnessing rapid advancements in the field of medical informatics and modern healthcare management. The role of translational bioinformatics (TBI), an infant discipline in the field of medical informatics, is pivotal in this revolution. The development of high-throughput technologies [e.g., microarrays, next-generation sequencing (NGS)] has propelled TBI to the next stage in this modern era of medical informatics. In this review, we assess the promising translational outcomes of microarray- and NGS-based discovery of genes, proteins, micro RNAs, and other active biological compounds aiding in the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of prostate cancer (PCa) to improve treatment strategies at the localized and/or metastatic stages in patients. Several promising candidate biomarkers in circulating blood (miR-25–3p and miR-18b-5p), urine (miR-95, miR-21, miR-19a, and miR-19b), and prostatic secretions (miR-203) have been identified. AURKA and MYCN, novel candidate biomarkers, were found to be specifically expressed in neuroendocrine PCa. The use of BTNL2 gene mutations and inflammasomes as biomarkers in immune function-mediated, inherited PCa has also been elucidated based on NGS data. Although TBI discoveries can benefit clinical performance metrics, the translational potential and the in vivo performance of TBI outcomes need to be verified. In conclusion, TBI aids in the effective clinical management of PCa; furthermore, the fate of personalized/precision medicine mostly relies on the enhanced diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic potential of TBI.



中文翻译:

诊断,预后和治疗前列腺癌的现代个性化医学时代

当前时代见证了医学信息学和现代医疗保健管理领域的快速发展。翻译生物信息学(TBI)是医学信息学领域的婴儿学科,在这场革命中起着至关重要的作用。高通量技术的发展[例如,微阵列,下一代测序(NGS)]已将TBI推向了现代医学信息学时代的下一阶段。在这篇综述中,我们评估了基于微阵列和基于NGS的基因,蛋白质,微RNA和其他有助于诊断,预后和治疗前列腺癌(PCa)的活性生物化合物的发现的有希望的翻译结果,以改善治疗策略在患者的局部和/或转移阶段。循环血液中几种有希望的候选生物标志物(miR-25-3p和miR-18b-5p),尿液(miR-95,miR-21,miR-19a和miR-19b)和前列腺分泌物(miR-203)已被鉴定。发现新的候选生物标记物AURKA和MYCN在神经内分泌PCa中特异性表达。基于NGS数据,还阐明了BTNL2基因突变和炎性体在免疫功能介导的遗传PCa中作为生物标志物的用途。尽管TBI的发现可以使临床表现指标受益,但其翻译潜力和TBI结局的体内表现需要验证。总之,TBI有助于PCa的有效临床管理。此外,个性化/精密医学的命运主要取决于TBI的增强的诊断,预后和治疗潜力。

更新日期:2020-10-08
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