We have studied, for the first time, the influence of the collective quantum effects in the nuclear wave functions on the azimuthal anisotropy coefficients ϵ_2,3 in the central Pb + Pb collisions at the LHC energies. With the help of the energy weighted sum rule we demonstrate that the classical treatment with the Woods-Saxon nuclear density overestimates the mean square quadrupole moment of the ²⁰⁸Pb nucleus by a factor of ∼ 2.2. The Monte-Carlo Glauber simulation of the central Pb + Pb collisions accounting for the restriction on the quadrupole moment leads to ϵ₂/ϵ₃ ≈ 0.8 which allows to resolve the υ₂-to-υ₃ puzzle.

中文翻译：

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中央Pb + Pb碰撞中的集体核振动和初始状态形状波动：解决υ2至υ3难题

我们首次研究了在LHC能量中心Pb + Pb碰撞中，核波函数中的集体量子效应对方位各向异性系数ϵ _2,3的影响。借助能量加权和规则，我们证明了用伍兹-萨克森核密度进行的经典处理高估了²⁰⁸ Pb核的均方四极矩约2.2倍。中央的Pb + Pb碰撞占对四极矩引线的限制的蒙特卡洛模拟芒硝到ε ₂ / ε ₃ ≈0.8，其允许解决υ ₂ -到- υ ₃难题。