We note the active interest of Yu.I. Neimark for research of frequency synchronization, as well as his substantial support for research in this area. In this work we discuss the main, not yet fully established, definitions and concepts of the theory of frequency synchronization. We consider significant differences between the phenomena of synchronization, self-synchronization, and entrainment. We emphasize that self-synchronization belongs to the class of self-organization phenomena, which is often ignored. We list some relevant unsolved problems of the theory of frequency synchronization, among them being the question of the possible fundamental role of synchronization in the microworld, which is discussed in detail. We express an opinion that it is advisable to attempt to describe physical reality by unified deterministic laws of physics, taking into account other new achievements in nonlinear dynamics listed in this work.

我们注意到Yu.I.的积极兴趣。Neimark致力于频率同步的研究，以及他对该领域研究的大力支持。在这项工作中，我们讨论了频率同步理论的主要但尚未完全确立的定义和概念。我们认为同步，自同步和夹带现象之间存在显着差异。我们强调，自同步属于自组织现象的一类，通常被忽略。我们列出了频率同步理论中一些尚未解决的问题，其中包括同步在微世界中可能发挥的基本作用的问题，对此将进行详细讨论。我们认为建议尝试用统一的确定性物理定律描述物理现实，