Inflammation plays a predominant role in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The Shenyan Kangfu tablet (SYKFT) is a prescription of traditional Chinese medicine for treating chronic kidney disease. However, the concrete mechanism is still unclear. According to previous clinical trial, we explored the effects and potential mechanism on DKD in db/db model supplemented with SYKFT. As a result, SYKFT reduced stimulated blood glucose and HbA1c levels, alleviated renal dysfunction, glomerular and tubular damage, and renal inflammation (TNF-α and IL-1β) in db/db mice. The primary mechanistic study illustrated that SYKFT improved renal injury mainly associated with inhibition of NF-κB in vivo and in vitro. This study further observed that SYKFT increased relative abundance of Firmicutes and decreased Bacteroidetes, showing direct correlation between representative microbiota relative abundance and renal function parameters. SYKFT effectively decreased the relative abundance of Bacteroides, and positive correlation between the relative abundance and protein expression of NF-κB, TNF-α and IL-1β predicted that anti-inflammatory activity of SYKFT was associated with modulating the gut microbiota. Therefore, we first demonstrated SYKFT alleviated DKD through regulating renal inflammatory signaling cascades and intestinal microbiota and also pointed out the role of specific gut microbiota in the development of DKD.

炎症在糖尿病肾病（DKD）的发病机理中起主要作用。肾炎康妇片（SYKFT）是治疗慢性肾脏疾病的中药处方。但是，具体机制仍不清楚。根据先前的临床试验，我们在补充SYKFT的db / db模型中探索了DKD的作用和潜在机制。结果，SYKFT降低了db / db小鼠的刺激性血糖和HbA1c水平，减轻了肾功能不全，肾小球和肾小管损害以及肾炎症（TNF-α和IL-1β）。初步的机理研究表明，SYKFT可改善肾脏损伤，主要与体内和体外抑制NF-κB有关。这项研究进一步发现，SYKFT可以增加Firmicutes的相对丰度，减少拟杆菌的数量，显示代表性菌群相对丰度与肾功能参数之间的直接相关性。SYKFT有效降低了拟杆菌的相对丰度，而NF-κB，TNF-α和IL-1β的相对丰度与蛋白质表达呈正相关，说明SYKFT的抗炎活性与肠道菌群的调节有关。因此，我们首先证明了SYKFT通过调节肾脏炎症信号级联反应和肠道菌群减轻了DKD，还指出了特定肠道菌群在DKD发育中的作用。TNF-α和IL-1β预测SYKFT的抗炎活性与调节肠道菌群有关。因此，我们首先证明了SYKFT通过调节肾脏炎症信号级联反应和肠道菌群减轻了DKD，还指出了特定肠道菌群在DKD发育中的作用。TNF-α和IL-1β预测SYKFT的抗炎活性与调节肠道菌群有关。因此，我们首先证明了SYKFT通过调节肾脏炎症信号级联反应和肠道菌群减轻了DKD，还指出了特定肠道菌群在DKD发育中的作用。