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Singing in the suburbs: point count surveys efficiently reveal habitat associations for nocturnal Orthoptera across an urban-to-rural gradient
Journal of Insect Conservation ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-29 , DOI: 10.1007/s10841-020-00273-9
Darin J. McNeil , Christina M. Grozinger

As evidence for global insect population declines continues to amass, several studies have indicated that Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets, and katydids) are among the most threatened insect groups. Understanding Orthoptera populations across large spatial extents requires efficient survey protocols, however, many previously established methods are expensive and/or labor-intensive. One survey method widely employed in wildlife biology, the aural point count, may work well for crickets and katydids (suborder: Ensifera) because males produce conspicuous, species-specific mating calls. We conducted repeated point count surveys across an urban-to-rural gradient in central Pennsylvania. Occupancy analyses of ten focal species indicated that, although detection probability rates varied by species from 0.43 to 0.98, detection rates compounded over five visits such that all focal species achieved cumulative > 0.90. Factors associated with site occupancy varied among species with some positively associated with urbanization (e.g., Greater Anglewing, Microcentrum rhombifolium), some negatively associated with urbanization (e.g., Sword-bearing Conehead, Neoconocephalus ensiger), and others exhibiting constant occupancy across a habitat gradient (e.g., Common True Katydid, Pterophylla camellifolia). Our community-level analysis revealed that different species’ habitat associations interacted such that intermediate levels of urbanization (i.e., suburbs) hosted the highest number of species. Ultimately, our analyses clearly support the concept that aural point counts paired with static occupancy modeling can serve as an important tool for monitoring night-singing Orthoptera populations. Applications of point count surveys by both researchers and citizen scientists may improve our understanding Ensifera populations and help in the global conservation of these threatened insects.

中文翻译:

在郊区唱歌:点数调查有效地揭示了跨越城市到农村梯度的夜间直翅目栖息地关联

随着全球昆虫种群数量下降的证据不断增多,一些研究表明直翅目(蚱蜢、蟋蟀和蟋蟀)是受威胁最严重的昆虫群体之一。了解大空间范围内的直翅目种群需要有效的调查协议,但是,许多以前建立的方法是昂贵的和/或劳动密集型的。一种广泛用于野生动物生物学的调查方法,听觉点计数,可能对蟋蟀和蟋蟀(亚目:Ensifera)很有效,因为雄性会发出明显的、特定于物种的交配叫声。我们在宾夕法尼亚州中部的城乡梯度范围内进行了重复的点计数调查。十个焦点物种的占有率分析表明,虽然检测概率因物种而异,从 0.43 到 0.98,检测率在五次访问中复合,因此所有焦点物种达到累积 > 0.90。与场地占用相关的因素因物种而异,其中一些与城市化呈正相关(例如,大角翅、菱形微螟),一些与城市化呈负相关(例如,剑头锥头、新锥头虫),而另一些则在栖息地梯度上表现出恒定的占用(例如,Common True Katydid、Pterophylla camellifolia)。我们的社区级分析表明,不同物种的栖息地关联相互作用,因此中等城市化水平(即郊区)承载了最多的物种。最终,我们的分析清楚地支持这样一个概念,即听觉点计数与静态占用模型相结合可以作为监测夜唱直翅目种群的重要工具。研究人员和公民科学家对点计数调查的应用可能会提高我们对 Ensifera 种群的了解,并有助于全球保护这些受威胁的昆虫。
更新日期:2020-09-29
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