Background Aedes aegypti transmits several arboviral diseases of global public health threat such as dengue, zika, and yellow fever. Recently, a series of yellow fever outbreaks have been reported in different parts of the country. Globally, the control of mosquito-borne diseases has relied heavily on insecticides based vector control efforts. Therefore, we assessed the susceptibility status to three different classes of WHO approved insecticides and evaluated the importance of detoxifying enzymes on insecticides resistance in Aedes aegypti collected from Lagos State, Nigeria. Aedes aegypti immature stages were collected from suitable habitats in peri-domestic areas of Alimosho, Kosofe, Badagry, and Ibeju-Lekki Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Lagos State, 2–5 days old glucose-fed adult female mosquitoes were exposed to discriminating doses of DDT, permethrin, bendiocarb, and PBO synergist using WHO standard procedure and kits. Identification was through morphological means only. Results Resistance to DDT and permethrin was recorded in all the LGAs, suspected resistance to bendiocarb was recorded in Aedes aegypti from Alimosho while full susceptibility was recorded in other LGAs. PBO synergist significantly increases the 24 h mortality of DDT and permethrin-resistant Aedes aegypti in all the LGAs. The activities of both GSTs and cytochrome P450s increase with decreasing mortality for Aedes aegypti , regression value ( R 2 ) ranges from 0.8889 to 0.6224 for GSTs and 0.4379 to 0.616 for cytochrome P450s. Conclusions Aedes aegypti population from Lagos State, Nigeria, have developed resistance to DDT and permethrin, the activities of P450s and GST were implicated in DDT and permethrin resistance in this study. Therefore, a need for regular insecticides monitoring and PBO should be incorporated into Aedes aegypti insecticides control strategies to forestall development of resistance to DDT and pyrethriods.

中文翻译：

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尼日利亚拉各斯州埃及伊蚊的代谢抗性机制

背景埃及伊蚊传播多种威胁全球公共卫生的虫媒病毒疾病，如登革热、寨卡病毒和黄热病。最近，该国不同地区报告了一系列黄热病疫情。在全球范围内，蚊媒疾病的控制在很大程度上依赖于基于杀虫剂的病媒控制工作。因此，我们评估了三种不同类别的 WHO 批准的杀虫剂的敏感性状态，并评估了解毒酶对从尼日利亚拉各斯州收集的埃及伊蚊的杀虫剂抗性的重要性。从拉各斯州 Alimosho、Kosofe、Badagry 和 Ibeju-Lekki 地方政府区 (LGAs) 周边地区的合适栖息地收集埃及伊蚊未成熟阶段，将 2-5 天大的葡萄糖喂养成年雌性蚊子暴露于歧视滴滴涕的剂量，使用 WHO 标准程序和试剂盒的氯菊酯、苯菌威和 PBO 增效剂。鉴定仅通过形态学手段。结果 在所有 LGA 中均记录到对 DDT 和氯菊酯的抗药性，在 Alimosho 的埃及伊蚊中记录到疑似对茚虫威的抗药性，而在其他 LGA 中记录到完全易感性。PBO 增效剂显着增加了所有 LGA 中 DDT 和耐氯菊酯埃及伊蚊的 24 小时死亡率。GSTs 和细胞色素 P450s 的活性随着埃及伊蚊死亡率的降低而增加，GSTs 的回归值 (R 2 ) 范围为 0.8889 至 0.6224，细胞色素 P450s 的回归值 (R 2 ) 范围为 0.4379 至 0.616。结论 来自尼日利亚拉各斯州的埃及伊蚊种群已对滴滴涕和氯菊酯产生抗药性，在这项研究中，P450s 和 GST 的活性与 DDT 和氯菊酯抗性有关。因此，需要定期监测杀虫剂并将 PBO 纳入埃及伊蚊杀虫剂控制策略，以防止对 DDT 和拟除虫菊酯产生抗性。