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NormiRazor: tool applying GPU-accelerated computing for determination of internal references in microRNA transcription studies
BMC Bioinformatics ( IF 3 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-29 , DOI: 10.1186/s12859-020-03743-8
Szymon Grabia , Urszula Smyczynska , Konrad Pagacz , Wojciech Fendler

Multi-gene expression assays are an attractive tool in revealing complex regulatory mechanisms in living organisms. Normalization is an indispensable step of data analysis in all those studies, since it removes unwanted, non-biological variability from data. In targeted qPCR assays it is typically performed with respect to prespecified reference genes, but the lack of robust strategy of their selection is reported in literature, especially in studies concerning circulating microRNAs (miRNA). Unfortunately, this problem impedes translation of scientific discoveries on miRNA biomarkers into widely available laboratory assays. Previous studies concluded that averaged expressions of multi-miRNA combinations are more stable references than single genes. However, due to the number of such combinations the computational load is considerable and may be hindering for objective reference selection in large datasets. Existing implementations of normalization algorithms (geNorm, NormFinder and BestKeeper) have poor performance and may require days to compute stability values for all potential reference as the evaluation is performed sequentially. We designed NormiRazor - an integrative tool which implements those methods in a parallel manner on a graphics processing unit (GPU) using CUDA platform. We tested our approach on publicly available miRNA expression datasets. As a result, the times of executions on 8 datasets containing from 50 to 400 miRNAs (subsets of GSE68314) decreased 18.7 ±0.6 (mean ±SD), 104.7 ±4.2 and 76.5 ±2.2 times for geNorm, BestKeeper and NormFinder with respect to previous Python implementation. To allow for easy access to normalization pipeline for biomedical researchers we implemented NormiRazor as an online platform where a user could normalize their datasets based on the automatically selected references. It is available at norm.btm.umed.pl, together with instruction manual and exemplary datasets. NormiRazor allows for an easy, informed choice of reference genes for qPCR transcriptomic studies. As such it can improve comparability and repeatability of experiments and in longer perspective help translate newly discovered biomarkers into readily available assays.

中文翻译:

NormiRazor:使用GPU加速计算来确定microRNA转录研究中内部参照的工具

多基因表达测定法是揭示活生物体复杂调控机制的一种有吸引力的工具。在所有这些研究中,归一化是数据分析必不可少的步骤,因为它从数据中消除了不必要的,非生物的可变性。在靶向qPCR分析中,通常是针对预先指定的参考基因进行的,但是文献报道,特别是在涉及循环微RNA(miRNA)的研究中,缺乏选择它们的可靠策略。不幸的是,这个问题阻碍了将miRNA生物标志物的科学发现转化为广泛可用的实验室检测方法。先前的研究得出结论,多miRNA组合的平均表达比单基因更稳定。然而,由于此类组合的数量众多,因此计算量很大,并且可能会阻碍大型数据集中的客观参考选择。归一化算法的现有实现(geNorm,NormFinder和BestKeeper)的性能较差,并且可能需要几天的时间才能计算出所有潜在参考的稳定性值,因为评估是顺序执行的。我们设计了NormiRazor-一种集成工具,可以使用CUDA平台在图形处理单元(GPU)上以并行方式实现这些方法。我们在公开可用的miRNA表达数据集上测试了我们的方法。结果,在包含50到400个miRNA(GSE68314子集)的8个数据集上,geNorm的执行时间减少了18.7±0.6(平均值±SD),104.7±4.2和76.5±2.2倍,与先前的Python实现有关的BestKeeper和NormFinder。为了使生物医学研究人员能够轻松访问标准化流程,我们将NormiRazor实施为在线平台,用户可以在该平台上根据自动选择的参考对数据集进行标准化。它可在norm.btm.umed.pl上获得,以及说明手册和示例性数据集。NormiRazor可以轻松,明智地选择qPCR转录组研究的参考基因。这样,它可以改善实验的可比性和可重复性,并且从更长的角度来看,有助于将新发现的生物标记物转化为易于使用的测定法。为了使生物医学研究人员能够轻松访问标准化流程,我们将NormiRazor实施为在线平台,用户可以在该平台上根据自动选择的参考对数据集进行标准化。它可在norm.btm.umed.pl上获得,以及说明手册和示例性数据集。通过NormiRazor,可以轻松,明智地选择qPCR转录组研究的参考基因。因此,它可以改善实验的可比性和可重复性,并且从更长的角度来看,有助于将新发现的生物标记物转化为易于使用的测定法。为了便于生物医学研究人员访问标准化流程,我们将NormiRazor用作在线平台,用户可以在该平台上基于自动选择的参考对数据集进行标准化。它可在norm.btm.umed.pl上获得,以及说明手册和示例性数据集。通过NormiRazor,可以轻松,明智地选择qPCR转录组研究的参考基因。因此,它可以改善实验的可比性和可重复性,并且从更长的角度来看,有助于将新发现的生物标记物转化为易于使用的测定法。
更新日期:2020-09-29
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