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Synthetic auxotrophy remains stable after continuous evolution and in co-culture with mammalian cells
bioRxiv - Synthetic Biology Pub Date : 2020-09-28 , DOI: 10.1101/2020.09.27.315804
Aditya M. Kunjapur , Michael G. Napolitano , Eriona Hysolli , Karen Noguera , Evan M. Appleton , Max G. Schubert , Michaela A. Jones , Siddharth Iyer , Daniel J. Mandell , George M. Church

Understanding the evolutionary stability and possible context-dependence of biological containment techniques is critical as engineered microbes are increasingly under consideration for applications beyond biomanufacturing. While batch cultures of synthetic auxotrophic Escherichia coli previously exhibited undetectable escape throughout 14 days of monitoring, the long-term effectiveness of synthetic auxotrophy is unknown. Here, we report automated continuous evolution of a synthetic auxotroph using custom chemostats that supply a decreasing concentration of essential biphenylalanine (BipA). After 100 days of evolution in three separate trials, populations exhibit no observable escape and are capable of normal growth rates at 10-fold lower BipA concentration than the ancestral synthetic auxotroph. Allelic reconstruction of three proteins implicated in small molecule transport reveals their contribution to increased fitness at low BipA concentrations. Mutations do not appear in orthogonal translation machinery nor in synthetic auxotrophic markers. Based on its evolutionary stability, we introduce the progenitor synthetic auxotroph directly to mammalian cell culture. We observe containment of bacteria without detrimental effects on HEK293T cells. Overall, our findings reveal that synthetic auxotrophy is effective on timescales and in contexts that enable diverse applications.

中文翻译:

经过连续进化并与哺乳动物细胞共培养后,合成营养缺陷症保持稳定

了解生物遏制技术的进化稳定性和可能的​​环境依赖性至关重要,因为工程微生物已经越来越多地考虑用于生物制造以外的应用。虽然合成营养缺陷型大肠杆菌的分批培养物以前在整个监测的14天中都表现出无法检测到的逸出,但合成营养缺陷型的长期有效性尚不清楚。在这里,我们报告了使用定制的化学恒温器对合成营养剂进行自动连续进化的过程,这些化学恒温器提供了浓度不断降低的必需联苯丙氨酸(BipA)。在三个独立的试验中经过100天的进化后,种群没有可观察到的逃逸现象,并且能够以比祖先合成的营养缺陷菌低10倍的BipA浓度正常生长。涉及小分子转运的三种蛋白质的等位基因重建揭示了它们在低BipA浓度下对增加适应性的贡献。突变不会出现在正交翻译机制中,也不会出现在合成营养缺陷型标记中。基于其进化稳定性,我们将前体合成营养缺陷型直接引入哺乳动物细胞培养。我们观察到细菌的包容对HEK293T细胞没有有害影响。总体而言,我们的发现表明,合成营养缺陷在时间尺度上以及能够实现多种应用的环境中都是有效的。我们将祖细胞合成营养缺陷症直接引入哺乳动物细胞培养中。我们观察到细菌的包容对HEK293T细胞没有有害影响。总体而言,我们的发现表明,合成营养缺陷在时间尺度上以及能够实现多种应用的环境中都是有效的。我们将祖细胞合成营养缺陷症直接引入哺乳动物细胞培养中。我们观察到细菌的包容对HEK293T细胞没有有害影响。总体而言,我们的发现表明,合成营养缺陷在时间尺度上以及能够实现多种应用的环境中都是有效的。
更新日期:2020-09-29
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