Double beta decay is a very rare nuclear process and, therefore, experiments intended to detect it must be operated deep underground and in ultra-low background conditions. Long-lived radioisotopes produced by the previous exposure of materials to cosmic rays on the Earth’s surface or even underground can become problematic for the required sensitivity. Here, the studies developed to quantify and reduce the activation yields in detectors and materials used in the set-up of these experiments will be reviewed, considering target materials like germanium, tellurium and xenon together with other ones commonly used like copper, lead, stainless steel or argon. Calculations following very different approaches and measurements from irradiation experiments using beams or directly cosmic rays will be considered for relevant radioisotopes. The effect of cosmogenic activation in present and future double beta decay projects based on different types of detectors will be analyzed too.

中文翻译：

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双Beta衰变实验中的宇宙激活

双β衰变是一个非常罕见的核过程，因此，旨在检测它的实验必须在地下深处和超低背景条件下进行。先前材料暴露于地球表面甚至地下的宇宙射线中所产生的长寿命放射性同位素，可能对所需的灵敏度造成问题。在这里，将对旨在量化和减少检测器中活化产率的研究进行研究，并复习用于这些实验的材料，同时考虑目标材料（例如锗，碲和氙）以及其他常用材料（例如铜，铅，不锈钢）钢或氩气。对于相关的放射性同位素，将考虑采用非常不同的方法进行的计算和使用光束或直接宇宙射线进行辐照实验得到的测量结果。