Abstract The essential oil of Egyptian Cyperus rotundus rhizomes was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC/MS. The oil is composed mainly of oxygenated sesquiterpenes. Thirty-seven compounds were identified including, humulene epoxide (38.43 %) and caryophyllene oxide (21.03 %) as major components. Correlations between different C. rotundus essential oils from Egypt and other regions were studied based on its chemical composition through principal components analysis and agglomerative hierarchical clustering. The oil was tested for its antiviral activity against hepatitis A, herpes simplex type 1, and coxsackie viruses at non-cytotoxic concentration. The oil was also evaluated for its cytotoxicity on hepatic, breast, and prostate carcinomas. It showed a very weak activity against tested viruses with percent protection 7.98, 14.21 and 8.79 %, respectively at a maximum non-toxic concentration of 125 μg/mL and it exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against hepatic and breast cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 204.1±1.25 and 170.8±0.567 μg/mL, respectively. The oil did not exhibit any cytotoxicity against the prostate cancer cell line.

中文翻译：

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埃及香附精油的化学成分、抗病毒和细胞毒活性：来自化学计量学分析的证据

摘要 埃及香附精油经水蒸馏得到，并用GC/MS进行分析。该油主要由含氧倍半萜烯组成。确定了 37 种化合物，包括作为主要成分的葎草烯环氧化物 (38.43%) 和石竹烯氧化物 (21.03%)。通过主成分分析和凝聚层次聚类，基于其化学成分研究了来自埃及和其他地区的不同C. rotundus精油之间的相关性。在非细胞毒性浓度下，测试了该油对甲型肝炎、1 型单纯疱疹和柯萨奇病毒的抗病毒活性。还评估了该油对肝癌、乳腺癌和前列腺癌的细胞毒性。它对测试病毒的活性非常弱，保护百分比分别为 7.98、14.21 和 8。在 125 μg/mL 的最大无毒浓度下分别为 79 %，它对肝癌和乳腺癌细胞系表现出中等的细胞毒性，IC50 值分别为 204.1±1.25 和 170.8±0.567 μg/mL。该油对前列腺癌细胞系没有表现出任何细胞毒性。