Environmental conditions during early life can have a profound impact on developmental trajectory and ultimately ecological fitness of individuals. Therefore, from a conservation perspective it is vital to understand the longer‐term implications of early phenotypic development on survival. In this study, we examined the effects of temperature (maintained at 16°C or ambient river temperature), prey condition (live or dead Artemia) and incubation method (tumbling jar or natural hatching over substrate) on the routine or standard metabolic rate (RMR, SMR), maximum metabolic rate (MMR), factorial aerobic scope, energy density (ED), whole body triglyceride concentration (TG), growth and mortality rate of age‐0 lake sturgeon. Our results demonstrated that fish fed live artemia had significantly lower ED, growth and high mortality rates than those fed dead artemia at 32 days post‐fertilisation (dpf) (p < .001). However, at 133 dpf fish fed live artemia showed higher MMR and no difference in ED, TG and growth rate compared to those fed dead prey during early life history. The present study showed that inclusion of live prey at the onset of exogenous feeding may be considered to promote a more natural phenotypic development in larval lake sturgeon.

中文翻译：

---

捕食条件和孵化方法对ful鱼lake鱼早期生活史中死亡率，生长和代谢率的影响

生命早期的环境条件可能对发展轨迹以及个人的生态适应度产生深远影响。因此，从保护的角度出发，了解早期表型发育对生存的长期影响至关重要。在这项研究中，我们研究了温度（保持在16°C或周围河流温度下），猎物状况（生或死的卤虫）和孵化方法（翻盖罐或自然孵化的基质）对常规或标准代谢率的影响（ RMR，SMR），最大代谢率（MMR），有氧有氧运动范围，能量密度（ED），全身甘油三酸酯浓度（TG），0岁lake鱼的生长和死亡率。我们的研究结果表明，喂食活性卤虫的鱼类的ED明显降低，p  <.001）。但是，与生活早期喂食死猎物的鱼类相比，喂食有活造血菌的鱼类在133 dpf时显示出较高的MMR，而ED，TG和生长率无差异。本研究表明，在外来摄食开始时将活的猎物包括在内可以促进幼体湖st鱼更自然的表型发育。