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Noncanonical pS727 post translational modification dictates major STAT3 activation and downstream functions in breast cancer
Experimental Cell Research ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-28 , DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112313
Shalini Dimri , Renu Malhotra , Tanuja Shet , Smruti Mokal , Sudeep Gupta , Abhijit De

Activation of STAT3 via Y705-phosphorylation is well documented across multiple cancer types and thus forms the basis of canonical pathway to judge STAT3 activation. Recently, important roles of two other post translational modification (PTM) sites, i.e. S727-phosphorylation and K685-acetylation, leading to STAT3 activation are reported. However, their critical mode of function in controlling STAT3 dimerization and signaling, independent of canonical activation remains elusive. Therefore, to understand the functional relevance of each STAT3 PTMs in breast cancer (BC), cell models are developed by stable overexpression of PTM-site specific point mutants, i.e. Y705F, S727A or K685R, in a 3′UTR-STAT3 knockdown BC cell background. Results using this model system reveal novel findings showing that phosphorylation at S727 can lead to STAT3 activation independent of phosphoY705. We also demonstrate that loss of pS727 or K685ac significantly affects functional phenotypes such as cell survival and proliferation as well as downstream transcriptional activity (Twist 1, Socs3, c-Myc, Bcl-1 and Mcl-1) of STAT3. Thereafter, by utilizing a BRET biosensor for measuring STAT3 phosphorylation in live cells, a crucial role of pS727 in dictating STAT3 activation and homodimerization formation is uncovered. Further by performing retrospective IHC analysis of total and phospho-forms of STAT3 in a cohort of 76 triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patient samples, a significant dominant expression of phosphoS727 over phosphoY705 PTM (p < 0.001) is found in STAT3 positive cases. We also focus on validating known STAT3 inhibitor molecules for their action against both pY705 and pS727 activation. This study for the first time demonstrates that an anti-helminth drug compound, Niclosamide, is capable of inactivating both phospho-PTM sites on STAT3 and exhibits excellent anticancer efficacy in preclinical TNBC tumour model.



中文翻译:

非规范的pS727翻译后修饰指示乳腺癌中主要的STAT3激活和下游功能

在多种癌症类型中,通过Y705磷酸化激活STAT3的活动已有大量文献记载,因此形成了判断STAT3激活的经典途径的基础。最近,报道了导致STAT3活化的另外两个翻译后修饰(PTM)位点(即S727-磷酸化和K685-乙酰化)的重要作用。但是,它们在控制STAT3二聚化和信号传导中的关键功能模式(与规范激活无关)仍然难以捉摸。因此,为了了解每个STAT3 PTM在乳腺癌(BC)中的功能相关性,通过在3'UTR-STAT3敲低的BC细胞中稳定表达PTM位点特异性点突变体(即Y705F,S727A或K685R)来建立细胞模型背景。使用该模型系统的结果揭示了新发现,这些发现表明S727处的磷酸化可导致STAT3活化而独立于phosphoryY705。我们还证明,pS727或K685ac的缺失会显着影响STAT3的功能表型,例如细胞存活和增殖以及下游转录活性(Twist 1,Socs3,c-Myc,Bcl-1和Mcl-1)。此后,通过利用BRET生物传感器测量活细胞中的STAT3磷酸化,发现了pS727在指示STAT3激活和均二聚化形成中的关键作用。通过对76例三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)患者样本中的STAT3的总形式和磷酸形式进行回顾性IHC分析,在STAT3阳性病例中发现phosphoS727相对于phosphoY705 PTM有明显的显性表达(p <0.001)。我们还证明,pS727或K685ac的缺失会显着影响STAT3的功能表型,例如细胞存活和增殖以及下游转录活性(Twist 1,Socs3,c-Myc,Bcl-1和Mcl-1)。此后,通过利用BRET生物传感器测量活细胞中的STAT3磷酸化,发现了pS727在指示STAT3激活和均二聚化形成中的关键作用。通过对76例三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)患者样本中的STAT3的总形式和磷酸形式进行回顾性IHC分析,在STAT3阳性病例中发现phosphoS727相对于phosphoY705 PTM有明显的显性表达(p <0.001)。我们还证明,pS727或K685ac的缺失会显着影响STAT3的功能表型,例如细胞存活和增殖以及下游转录活性(Twist 1,Socs3,c-Myc,Bcl-1和Mcl-1)。此后,通过利用BRET生物传感器测量活细胞中的STAT3磷酸化,发现了pS727在指示STAT3激活和均二聚化形成中的关键作用。通过对76例三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)患者样本中的STAT3的总形式和磷酸形式进行回顾性IHC分析,在STAT3阳性病例中发现phosphoS727相对于phosphoY705 PTM有明显的显性表达(p <0.001)。通过利用BRET生物传感器测量活细胞中STAT3磷酸化,未发现pS727在指示STAT3激活和均二聚化形成中的关键作用。通过对76例三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)患者样本中的STAT3的总形式和磷酸形式进行回顾性IHC分析,在STAT3阳性病例中发现phosphoS727相对于phosphoY705 PTM有明显的显性表达(p <0.001)。通过利用BRET生物传感器测量活细胞中STAT3磷酸化,未发现pS727在指示STAT3激活和均二聚化形成中的关键作用。通过对76例三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)患者样本中的STAT3的总形式和磷酸形式进行回顾性IHC分析,在STAT3阳性病例中发现phosphoS727相对于phosphoY705 PTM有明显的显性表达(p <0.001)。我们还专注于验证已知的STAT3抑制剂分子对pY705和pS727激活的作用。这项研究首次证明,抗蠕虫药化合物Niclosamide能够使STAT3上的两个P-磷酸PTM位点失活,并且在临床前TNBC肿瘤模型中表现出出色的抗癌功效。

更新日期:2020-10-05
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