Cancer is a disease of evolutionary origin in which a group of cells in the body initiate evolutionary changes under certain circumstances that can lead to the formation of a tumor. It is currently believed that a hostile cell environment can lead to the cells of an organ or tissue initiating a whole series of physiological changes that will lead to the transformation of healthy cells into cancerous ones. During the process of transformation, cells evolve under a paradigm known as somatic evolution. In this work the first stages of the formation of a cancerous tumor have been simulated assuming that the cause of the formation is the genetic instability of the cells, being the cause of this instability the presence of chronic inflammation, phenomenon responsible for the appearance of a hostile cellular environment. The model simulates a virtual patient where an altered state of mind, whether depressive, stressed or similar, will lead to disturbed hormone levels that will eventually lead to a condition of chronic inflammation. A novelty of the work is the design of a genetic algorithm oriented to the simulation of somatic evolution, representing the cells by means of a vector that encodes the nodes of a stochastic network. These nodes represent the states of the genes, hallmarks of the cancer and genetic stability of a cell, simulating the formation of a tumor in the caverns of the colon. Another novelty of the model is the design of a virtual patient in which a chatbot for the simulation of the state of mind is hybridized with differential equations simulating both the hormones of the so-called hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the cytokines involved in the mechanism of cellular inflammation. The work is a first step in the design of models that under a holistic vision allow the simulation and therefore a greater understanding of the different facets of a disease as complex as cancer.

癌症是一种进化起源的疾病，在这种疾病中，体内的一组细胞在某些情况下会引发进化变化，从而导致肿瘤的形成。目前认为，恶劣的细胞环境会导致器官或组织的细胞引发一系列生理变化，从而导致健康细胞转化为癌细胞。在转化过程中，细胞在称为体细胞进化的范式下进化。在这项工作中，假设形成的原因是细胞的遗传不稳定性，模拟了癌性肿瘤形成的第一阶段，这种不稳定性的原因是慢性炎症的存在，这种现象负责出现敌对的细胞环境。该模型模拟了一个虚拟患者，在这种情况下，无论是抑郁、压力还是类似的精神状态改变，都会导致激素水平紊乱，最终导致慢性炎症。这项工作的新颖之处在于设计了一种面向体细胞进化模拟的遗传算法，通过编码随机网络节点的向量来表示细胞。这些节点代表基因的状态、癌症的标志和细胞的遗传稳定性，模拟结肠腔中肿瘤的形成。该模型的另一个新颖之处是设计了一个虚拟患者，其中用于模拟心理状态的聊天机器人与模拟所谓的下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴的激素和参与治疗的细胞因子的微分方程相结合。细胞炎症的机制。这项工作是设计模型的第一步，在整体视野下，可以进行模拟，从而更好地了解像癌症这样复杂的疾病的不同方面。