Scedosporium species are filamentous fungi usually found in sewage and soil from human-impacted areas. They cause a wide range of diseases in humans, from superficial infections, such as mycetoma, to invasive and disseminated cases, especially associated in immunocompromised patients. Scedosporium species are also related to lung colonization in individuals presenting cystic fibrosis and are considered one of the most frequent fungal pathogens associated to this pathology. Scedosporium cell wall contains glycosylated molecules involved in important biological events related to virulence and pathogenicity and represents a significant source of antigens. Polysaccharides, peptidopolysaccharides, O-linked oligosaccharides and glycosphingolipids have been identified on the Scedosporium surface. Their primary structures were determined based on a combination of techniques including gas chromatography, ESI-MS, and ¹H and ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance. Peptidorhamnnomannans are common cell wall components among Scedosporium species. Comparing different species, minor structural differences in the carbohydrate portions were detected which could be useful to understand variations in virulence observed among the species. N- and O-linked peptidorhamnomannans are major pathogen-associated molecular patterns and, along with α-glucans, play important roles in triggering host innate immunity. Glycosphingolipids, such as glucosylceramides, have highly conserved structures in Scedosporium species and are crucial for fungal growth and virulence. The present review presents current knowledge on structural and functional aspects of Scedosporium glycoconjugates that are relevant for understanding pathogenicity mechanisms and could contribute to the design of new agents capable of inhibiting growth and differentiation of Scedosporium species. Other cell components such as melanin and ectophosphatases will be also included.

Scedosporium物种是丝状真菌，通常在人类影响地区的污水和土壤中发现。它们会在人类中引起广泛的疾病，从浅表感染（例如足菌肿）到侵袭性和播散性病例，尤其是与免疫功能低下的患者相关的疾病。在出现囊性纤维化的个体中，赛多孢菌属物种也与肺定植有关，并且被认为是与这种病理相关的最常见的真菌病原体之一。Scedosporium细胞壁包含参与与毒力和致病性相关的重要生物学事件的糖基化分子，并且是抗原的重要来源。多糖、肽多糖、O已在Scedosporium表面鉴定出连接的寡糖和鞘糖脂。它们的一级结构是基于包括气相色谱、ESI-MS 以及¹ H 和¹³ C 核磁共振在内的技术组合确定的。Peptidorhamnnomannans 是Scedosporium物种中常见的细胞壁成分。比较不同的物种，检测到碳水化合物部分的微小结构差异，这有助于了解物种之间观察到的毒力变化。N - 和O连接肽鼠李聚糖是主要的病原体相关分子模式，与 α-葡聚糖一起在触发宿主先天免疫方面发挥重要作用。鞘糖脂，如葡萄糖神经酰胺，在Scedosporium物种中具有高度保守的结构，对真菌生长和毒力至关重要。本综述介绍了关于赛多孢菌糖缀合物的结构和功能方面的最新知识，这些知识与理解致病机制相关，并有助于设计能够抑制赛多孢菌属物种生长和分化的新药剂。其他细胞成分，如黑色素和外磷酸酶也将包括在内。