Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile DNA sequences that are able to move from one genomic location to another. These selfish elements are known as genomic parasites, since they hijack the host molecular machinery to generate new copies of themselves. The mobilization of TEs can be seen as a natural mutagen because new TE copies can insert into different loci and impact host genomic structure through different mechanisms. Although our knowledge about TEs is improving with new genomes available, there is still very limited data about the mobilome of species from the Coleoptera order, the most diverse order of insects, including species from the Scarabaeidae family. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to characterize the mobilome of D. (Luederwaldtinia) schiffleri, based on low-coverage genome sequencing, and reconstruct their evolutionary history. We used a combination of four different approaches for TE characterization and maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis to study their evolution. We found a large and diverse mobilome composed of 38 TE superfamilies, 20 DNA transposon and 18 retrotransposons, accounting for 21% of the genome. Moreover, we found a number of incongruences between the TE and host phylogenetic trees in three DNA transposon TE superfamilies, which represents five TE families, suggesting possible horizontal transfer events between highly divergent taxa. In summary, we found an abundant and diverse mobilome and a number of horizontal transfer events that have shaped the evolutionary history of this species.

转座因子（TEs）是可移动的DNA序列，能够从一个基因组位置移动到另一个基因组位置。这些自私的元素被称为基因组寄生虫，因为它们劫持了宿主分子机制以产生自身的新拷贝。TE的动员可以看作是天然诱变剂，因为新的TE拷贝可以插入不同的位点并通过不同的机制影响宿主基因组结构。尽管我们对TE的了解随着可用的新基因组的发展而提高，但是关于鞘翅目目（最多样化的昆虫目）的物种（包括金龟子科的物种）的活动信息集仍然非常有限。因此，这项研究的主要目的是表征D.（Luederwaldtinia）schiffleri的运动组，基于低覆盖率的基因组测序，并重建其进化历史。我们使用四种不同的方法进行TE表征和最大似然系统发育分析，以研究它们的进化。我们发现了一个由38个TE超家族，20个DNA转座子和18个反转录转座子组成的大型多样的运动组，占基因组的21％。此外，我们在三个代表五个TE家族的DNA转座子TE超家族中发现了TE与宿主系统发生树之间的许多不一致，这表明高度不同的类群之间可能发生水平转移。总而言之，我们发现了丰富多样的动植物组和许多水平转移事件，这些事件已经影响了该物种的进化历史。