Purpose

Fascioliasis is a serious livestock illness of particular importance for dairy goats; the objectives of this study were to describe effects of F. gigantica on milk composition and to use this information to estimate economic damages linked with Fasciola spp. infections. Furthermore, the study sought to standardize the use of milk instead of serum for early diagnosis of fascioliasis in dairy goats.

Methods

One-hundred samples of goat milk along with corresponding blood samples were obtained at random from flocks in Cairo and Giza Governorates. The ELISA and DOT-ELISA were performed in both serum and milk of dairy goats.

Results

Total mesophilic count (mean value) was 2.12 × 10⁶ ± 1.63 × 10⁵ CFU/ml in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) positive samples and 1.46 × 10⁴ ± 8.58 × 10² CFU/ml in ELISA-negative samples. The mean values were significantly different (P < 0.05). The mean values of percentages of fat, SNF, protein, salts, lactose, pH, and MSCC/ml in ELISA-positive samples were 2.3 ± 0.17, 8.21 ± 0.63, 3.08 ± 0.18, 0.90 ± 0.06, 3.64 ± 0.28, 6.93 + 0.53, and 1.18 × 10⁶ ± 9.07 × 10⁴ cells/ml, respectively. A significant difference (P < 0.05) between the mean values of two composition parameters, i.e., percent of fat and MSCC/ml in ELISA-positive and -negative samples, for Fasciola gigantica was observed. The antigen used for the diagnosis of F. gigantica was excretory/secretory (E/S) antigen. The dilutions of (E/S) concentrations after checkerboard titration for indirect ELISA were 20 μg/ml protein and for dot-ELISA, 300 ng/μl. Sera dilution was 1:100 in the two tests, and milk dilution was 1:50 for indirect ELISA, and 1:25 for dot-ELISA. The two tests were performed using known F. gigantica positive and negative goat sera and known rat hyper immunized negative and positive sera against E/S antigen of F. gigantica as well as known sera for paramphistomes without F. gigantica infection. The cutoff values in indirect ELISA were 0.45 for sera and 0.35 for milk.

Conclusion

The application of different serological technique in goat farms reveals a good test in rapid diagnosis of fascioliasis especially the uses of dot ELISA when using the milk instead of the serum.

中文翻译：

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牛奶作为使用排泄/分泌抗原快速检测奶山羊片形吸虫病的新诊断工具

目的

片吸虫病是一种严重的牲畜疾病，对奶山羊尤为重要；本研究的目的是描述F. gigantica对牛奶成分的影响，并使用这些信息来估计与Fasciola spp相关的经济损失。感染。此外，该研究试图标准化使用牛奶代替血清对奶山羊的片吸虫病进行早期诊断。

方法

从开罗和吉萨省的羊群中随机获取了 100 份山羊奶样本以及相应的血液样本。ELISA 和 DOT-ELISA 在奶山羊的血清和奶中进行。

结果

总嗜温计数（平均值） 在酶联免疫吸附试验 (ELISA) 阳性样品中为 2.12 × 10 ⁶  ± 1.63 × 10 ⁵ CFU/ml，在 ELISA 阴性样品中为 1.46 × 10 ⁴  ± 8.58 × 10 ²  CFU/ml。平均值有显着差异（P  < 0.05）。ELISA 阳性样品中脂肪、SNF、蛋白质、盐、乳糖、pH 和 MSCC/ml 的百分比平均值为 2.3 ± 0.17、8.21 ± 0.63、3.08 ± 0.18、0.90 ± 0.06、3.64 ± 0.28、+6。分别为 0.53 和 1.18 × 10 ⁶  ± 9.07 × 10 ⁴ 细胞/ml。显着差异（P < 0.05) 在两个组成参数的平均值之间，即观察到ELISA 阳性和阴性样品中的脂肪百分比和 MSCC/ml，对于Fasciola gigantica。用于诊断F. gigantica的抗原是排泄/分泌 (E/S) 抗原。对于间接 ELISA，棋盘滴定后 (E/S) 浓度的稀释度为 20 μg/ml 蛋白质，而对于点 ELISA，则为 300 ng/μl。两次测试的血清稀释度为 1:100，间接 ELISA 的牛奶稀释度为 1:50，点 ELISA 的稀释度为 1:25。使用已知的F. gigantica阳性和阴性山羊血清和已知的针对F. gigantica E/S 抗原的大鼠超免疫阴性和阳性血清进行这两项测试以及已知的未感染F. gigantica 的paramphistomes 血清。间接 ELISA 中血清的截止值为 0.45，牛奶为 0.35。

结论

不同血清学技术在山羊养殖场的应用揭示了片形吸虫病快速诊断的良好试验，尤其是在使用牛奶代替血清时使用斑点ELISA。