The contemporary trend of cost-saving is the primary motive while studying the relative motion between the material surfaces. Therefore, exceptional surface characteristics are the most desirable features for any material. The rapid emerging surface modification phenomena like Friction Stir Processing (FSP) have proved its potential in the surface engineering applications. In this study, Magnesium–Aluminum–Silicon (Mg–Al–Si)-based AS21A magnesium alloy was examined for the wear characterization in respect with the cast and Friction Stir Processed (FSPed) conditions. FSP, performed at an optimized set of parameters, was utilized to attain the surface modification in the investigated material. In the wear study, cast and FSPed conditions of AS21A specimens were examined on Pin-on-disc apparatus with typical load values ranging from 10–40[Formula: see text]N. The subsequent investigation involves characterization of worn surfaces through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) micrographs, and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometer (EDS) to understand the accountable wear mechanism. It was found that the FSPed AS21A samples exhibited noteworthy improvement in the wear characteristics at all assessment conditions. FSPed sample showed overall 17% enhancement in the specific wear rate. Also, with an increase in normal load, around 53–55% reduction was observed in the Coefficient of Friction (COF) value. It was established that the morphology of Mg2Si precipitates had an active contribution in the wear behavior of cast and FSPed AS21A samples. The notable mechanisms found responsible for the wear of samples were adhesion, abrasion, oxidation, delamination and plastic deformation.

中文翻译：

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摩擦搅拌处理 (FSP) 对铸造 AS21A 镁合金磨损行为的影响

当代节约成本的趋势是研究材料表面之间的相对运动的主要动机。因此，卓越的表面特性是任何材料最理想的特性。摩擦搅拌加工 (FSP) 等快速出现的表面改性现象已证明其在表面工程应用中的潜力。在这项研究中，研究了镁-铝-硅 (Mg-Al-Si) 基 AS21A 镁合金在铸造和搅拌摩擦加工 (FSPed) 条件下的磨损特性。FSP 在一组优化的参数下进行，用于在所研究的材料中实现表面改性。在磨损研究中，AS21A 试样的铸造和 FSPed 条件在 Pin-on-disc 设备上进行了检查，典型载荷值范围为 10-40[公式：见正文]N。随后的研究包括通过扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 显微照片和能量色散 X 射线光谱仪 (EDS) 对磨损表面进行表征，以了解造成磨损的机制。发现 FSPed AS21A 样品在所有评估条件下都表现出显着的磨损特性改善。FSPed 样品的比磨损率总体提高了 17%。此外，随着正常负载的增加，摩擦系数 (COF) 值降低了约 53-55%。确定 Mg 的形貌 发现 FSPed AS21A 样品在所有评估条件下都表现出显着的磨损特性改善。FSPed 样品的比磨损率总体提高了 17%。此外，随着正常负载的增加，摩擦系数 (COF) 值降低了约 53-55%。确定 Mg 的形貌 发现 FSPed AS21A 样品在所有评估条件下都表现出显着的磨损特性改善。FSPed 样品的比磨损率总体提高了 17%。此外，随着正常负载的增加，摩擦系数 (COF) 值降低了约 53-55%。确定 Mg 的形貌2Si 析出物对铸造和 FSPed AS21A 样品的磨损行为有积极贡献。发现导致样品磨损的显着机制是粘附、磨损、氧化、分层和塑性变形。