Emerging wearable and implantable biodevices have been significantly revolutionizing the diagnosis and treatment of disease. However, the geometrical mismatch between tissues and biodevices remains a great challenge for achieving optimal performances and functionalities for biodevices. Shape-adaptable biodevices enabling active compliance with human body tissues offer promising opportunities for addressing the challenge through programming their geometries on demand. This article reviews the design principles and control strategies for shape-adaptable biodevices with programmable shapes and actively compliant capabilities, which have offered innovative diagnostic/therapeutic tools and facilitated a variety of wearable and implantable applications. The state-of-the-art progress in applications of shape-adaptable biodevices in the fields of smart textiles, wound care, healthcare monitoring, drug and cell delivery, tissue repair and regeneration, nerve stimulation and recording, and biopsy and surgery, is highlighted. Despite the remarkable advances already made, shape-adaptable biodevices still confront many challenges on the road toward the clinic, such as enhanced intelligence for actively sensing and operating in response to physiological environments. Next-generation paradigms will shed light on future directions for extending the breadth and performance of shape-adaptable biodevices for wearable and implantable applications.

中文翻译：

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适用于可穿戴和可植入应用的形状适应性生物设备

新兴的可穿戴和可植入生物设备已经大大改变了疾病的诊断和治疗方法。然而，组织和生物装置之间的几何失配仍然是实现生物装置的最佳性能和功能的巨大挑战。形状适应性强的生物设备能够主动适应人体组织，为通过按需编程其几何形状来应对挑战提供了广阔的机遇。本文回顾了具有可编程形状和主动兼容功能的形状自适应生物设备的设计原理和控制策略，这些设备提供了创新的诊断/治疗工具，并促进了各种可穿戴和可植入应用。在智能纺织品，伤口护理，医疗保健监测，药物和细胞递送，组织修复和再生，神经刺激和记录以及活检和手术等领域中，形状适应性生物设备的应用的最新进展是突出显示。尽管已经取得了令人瞩目的进步，但适应形状的生物设备在走向临床的道路上仍然面临许多挑战，例如增强的智能以主动感应和响应生理环境进行操作。下一代范例将为在可穿戴和可植入应用中扩展形状适应性生物设备的宽度和性能的未来方向提供启发。突出显示。尽管已经取得了令人瞩目的进步，但适应形状的生物设备在走向临床的道路上仍然面临许多挑战，例如增强的智能以主动感应和响应生理环境进行操作。下一代范例将为在可穿戴和可植入应用中扩展形状适应性生物设备的宽度和性能的未来方向提供启发。突出显示。尽管已经取得了令人瞩目的进步，但适应形状的生物设备在走向临床的道路上仍然面临许多挑战，例如增强的智能以主动感应和响应生理环境进行操作。下一代范例将为在可穿戴和可植入应用中扩展形状适应性生物设备的宽度和性能的未来方向提供启发。