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Spatial distribution and provenance of heavy metal contamination in the sediments of the Indus River and its tributaries, North Pakistan: Evaluation of pollution and potential risks
Environmental Technology & Innovation ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-28 , DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2020.101184
Qazi Ahmed Usman , Said Muhammad , Wajid Ali , Saeeda Yousaf , Ishtiaq A.K. Jadoon

This study investigated heavy metal concentrations in sediment for the quantification of pollution and potential ecological risks of the Indus River and its tributaries. River sediments were sampled across the five major geological sections: the Kohistan batholith, Chilas complex, Kamila amphibolites, Jijal complex, and Indian plate. The heavy metal concentrations of the sediment samples were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (Perkin Elmer, AAS-PEA-700). Results showed that the highest concentration of 36300 mg/kg was observed for Fe in the Jijal complex and the lowest of 1.07 mg/kg for Cd in the Kohistan batholith. Heavy metal concentrations were used to quantify the geospatial distribution of pollution. The contamination factor values revealed that heavy metal exhibited moderate contamination, except for Cr and Cd, which showed considerable contamination levels in the Jijal complex and Indian plate, respectively. The pollution load index revealed that the sediments in the study area were contaminated with heavy metal. Ecological risk index (ERI) values indicate a low risk (ERI <150) to the exposed aquatic environment. Statistical and geospatial analyses showed that the heavy metal contamination of sediments was higher in the Jijal complex and Indian plate owing to natural and anthropogenic activities.



中文翻译:

巴基斯坦北部印度河及其支流沉积物中重金属污染的空间分布和来源:污染和潜在风险的评估

这项研究调查了沉积物中重金属的含量,以量化印度河及其支流的污染和潜在的生态风险。在五个主要的地质剖面上采样了河流沉积物:科希斯坦岩基,奇拉斯复合体,卡米拉角闪石,吉加尔复合体和印度板块。沉积物样品中的重金属浓度通过原子吸收光谱法(Perkin Elmer,AAS-PEA-700)测定。结果表明,在Jijal复合物中,铁的最高浓度为36300 mg / kg,而在Kohistan岩基中的Cd的最低浓度为1.07 mg / kg。重金属浓度用于量化污染的地理空间分布。污染因子值表明,除了Cr和Cd外,重金属还表现出中等程度的污染,分别在Jijal综合体和印度板块中显示出相当高的污染水平。污染负荷指数显示研究区的沉积物被重金属污染。生态风险指数(ERI)值表明暴露于水生环境的风险较低(ERI <150)。统计和地理空间分析表明,由于自然活动和人为活动,吉加尔联合体和印度板块中沉积物的重金属污染较高。

更新日期:2020-09-28
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